{
  "projects": [
    {
      "id": "saidongar-1-karjat",
      "name": { "en": "Saidongar-1 PSP, Karjat", "mr": "साईडोंगर-1 PSP, कर्जत" },
      "developer": "Torrent PSH 3 Pvt Ltd (Torrent Power)",
      "capacityMW": 3000,
      "storageGWh": 17.1,
      "storageIsEstimate": true,
      "districts": ["Raigad"],
      "talukas": ["Karjat"],
      "villages": ["Potal", "Saidongar", "Ambot", "Dhak", "Pali", "Bhaliwadi"],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.9042, "lng": 73.4089, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 233,
      "totalLandHa": 377,
      "trees": {
        "count": 48557,
        "evidence": "documented",
        "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_473103_2025.pdf", "title": "FAC (Advisory Committee) minutes, 2 Dec 2025, MoM ID FC/MOM/AC/473103/2025: 'the proposal involves felling of 48557 number of trees'", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-12-02" }
      },
      "costCr": 13505.15,
      "mouDate": "2024-09-03",
      "status": "fc_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-10-27",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary", "nameMr": "भीमाशंकर वन्यजीव अभयारण्य", "distanceKm": 15.53, "evidence": "documented" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "ToR 18 Feb 2025. EAC sub-committee (Prof. G. J. Chakrapani, Ajay Kumar Lal, Dr Krishnendu Mondal of MoEFCC) visited 21–23 Apr 2025; its report, considered 14 May 2025, saw the lower reservoir on the Pej in person but judged the upper reservoir ('barren', 'minimal grassland') only from Torrent's drone footage, as it was not accessible. It asked Torrent to narrow the approach road (17 ha of the 233 ha forest). EC 12 Jan 2026. FAC recommended Stage-I on 2 Dec 2025; MoEFCC accorded it on 31 Dec 2025. On 8 May 2026 the FAC accepted a change of compensatory afforestation land: the first site (243.37 ha at Nive, Khed, Ratnagiri) fell through after owners withdrew consent, and 252.7597 ha at Kemase and Dhankal (Patan, Satara), already forest-like (canopy 0.6–0.7) and in the buffer of Sahyadri Tiger Reserve, was taken instead. Those minutes give no tree count and say nothing about Stage-II or phasing. Torrent's Jun 2026 compliance report says Stage-II compliance was uploaded on Parivesh. Final approval reportedly 6 Oct 2026; felling permission dated 14 Oct 2026 (order not public). The 233 ha forest is 197.0272 ha reserved, 26.066 ha private and 9.9068 ha protected forest (FAC minutes, 8 May 2026). Felling began around Dussehra and was halted 26–27 Oct after protests. PM foundation stone scheduled 3 Nov 2026. EC lists 14 Schedule-I mammals in the study area; Bhimashankar WLS is 15.53 km and its ESZ 15.168 km away per the Alibag DCF letter cited in the EC (Torrent says 16 km). The draft EIA calls the 233 ha 'shrub and grass dominated' with 'very sparse' small trees, yet counts about 48,000 trees. The FAC minutes of 2 Dec 2025 record 48,557 trees, canopy density 0.3, and that 197.7653 ha of the 233 ha lies inside the proposed Rajmachi Conservation Reserve (not yet notified) and inside the Western Ghats ESA of the 31 Jul 2024 draft; the FAC recommended Stage-I anyway, telling the developer to seek approval later if the reserve is notified. Storage GWh implied from 6,241.5 MU/yr.", "mr": "ToR 18 फेब्रुवारी 2025. EAC उपसमितीने (प्रा. जी. जे. चक्रपाणी, अजय कुमार लाल, MoEFCC चे डॉ. कृष्णेंदू मंडल) 21–23 एप्रिल 2025 रोजी पाहणी केली. 14 मे 2025 रोजी विचारात घेतलेल्या तिच्या अहवालात पेज नदीवरील खालचा जलाशय प्रत्यक्ष पाहिला गेला, पण वरच्या जलाशयाची जागा पोहोचण्याजोगी नसल्याने तिचा अंदाज ('ओसाड', 'अत्यल्प गवताळ') फक्त Torrent च्या ड्रोन चित्रीकरणावरून घेतला गेला. उपसमितीने Torrent ला पोहोच रस्ता अरुंद करण्यास सांगितले (233 ha जंगलापैकी 17 ha). EC 12 जानेवारी 2026. FAC ने 2 डिसेंबर 2025 रोजी Stage-I ची शिफारस केली; MoEFCC ने 31 डिसेंबर 2025 रोजी ती दिली. 8 मे 2026 रोजी FAC ने भरपाई वनीकरणाची जमीन बदलण्यास मान्यता दिली: पहिली जागा (निवे, खेड, रत्नागिरी येथील 243.37 ha) मालकांनी संमती मागे घेतल्याने रद्द झाली, आणि त्याऐवजी केमसे आणि धनकल (पाटण, सातारा) येथील 252.7597 ha जमीन घेतली गेली; ती आधीच जंगलासारखी आहे (घनता 0.6–0.7) आणि सह्याद्री व्याघ्र प्रकल्पाच्या बफर क्षेत्रात आहे. त्या इतिवृत्तात झाडांची संख्या नाही, आणि Stage-II किंवा टप्प्याटप्प्याने मंजुरीबद्दल काहीही नाही. Torrent च्या जून 2026 च्या अनुपालन अहवालानुसार Stage-II अनुपालन Parivesh वर अपलोड केले गेले. अंतिम मान्यता वृत्तांतानुसार 6 ऑक्टोबर 2026; वृक्षतोड परवानगी 14 ऑक्टोबर 2026 ची (आदेश सार्वजनिक नाही). 233 ha जंगलापैकी 197.0272 ha राखीव, 26.066 ha खासगी आणि 9.9068 ha संरक्षित वन आहे (FAC इतिवृत्त, 8 मे 2026). वृक्षतोड दसऱ्याच्या सुमारास सुरू झाली आणि आंदोलनांनंतर 26–27 ऑक्टोबर रोजी थांबवली गेली. पंतप्रधानांच्या हस्ते पायाभरणी 3 नोव्हेंबर 2026 रोजी नियोजित. EC मध्ये अभ्यासक्षेत्रात 14 Schedule-I सस्तन प्राणी नोंदले आहेत; EC मध्ये उद्धृत अलिबाग उपवनसंरक्षकांच्या पत्रानुसार भीमाशंकर अभयारण्य 15.53 km आणि त्याचे ESZ 15.168 km अंतरावर आहे (Torrent च्या मते 16 km). EIA मसुदा 233 ha ला 'झुडपे आणि गवत प्रामुख्याने असलेले', 'अतिशय विरळ' लहान झाडांचे म्हणतो, आणि तरीही सुमारे 48,000 झाडे मोजतो. 2 डिसेंबर 2025 च्या FAC इतिवृत्तात 48,557 झाडे, वृक्षछत्र घनता 0.3, आणि 233 पैकी 197.7653 ha प्रस्तावित राजमाची संवर्धन राखीव क्षेत्रात (अद्याप अधिसूचित नाही) आणि 31 जुलै 2024 च्या मसुद्यातील पश्चिम घाट ESA मध्ये असल्याची नोंद आहे; तरीही FAC ने Stage-I ची शिफारस केली, आणि राखीव क्षेत्र अधिसूचित झाल्यास नंतर मान्यता घेण्यास विकासकाला सांगितले. साठवण (GWh) वर्षाला 6,241.5 MU वरून काढली आहे." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.torrentpower.com/public/pdf/EC/EC_PSP.pdf", "title": "Environmental Clearance, Saidongar-1 PSP (MoEFCC)", "outletId": "torrent-power", "date": "2026-01-12" },
        { "url": "https://mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2025-08/Combined%20executive%20summary-Torrent%20power.pdf", "title": "Saidongar-1 draft EIA executive summary (MPCB)", "outletId": "mpcb", "date": "2025-08" },
        { "url": "https://www.torrentpower.com/public/pdf/EC/ECC-S1%20Karjat%20June%202026.pdf", "title": "Torrent: first half-yearly EC compliance report (Jan–Mar 2026), dated 8 Jun 2026", "outletId": "torrent-power", "date": "2026-06-08" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/127593393_1747914246710.pdf", "title": "EAC 31st meeting minutes, 14 May 2025 (Saidongar-1 and -2 site-visit reports, Annexures I and II)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-05-14" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_473103_2025.pdf", "title": "FAC (Advisory Committee) minutes, 2 Dec 2025, MoM ID FC/MOM/AC/473103/2025 (Saidongar-1 Stage-I recommended)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-12-02" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_969417_2026.pdf", "title": "FAC (Advisory Committee) minutes, 8 May 2026, MoM ID FC/MOM/AC/969417/2026 (Saidongar-1 change of CA land)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-05-08" },
        { "url": "https://www.landconflictwatch.org/conflicts/water-forests-and-energy-local-resistance-to-the-torrent-power-s-pumped-storage-hydro-project-in-karjat-maharashtra", "title": "Land Conflict Watch: local resistance to Torrent PSP in Karjat", "outletId": "land-conflict-watch" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        {
          "field": "trees",
          "values": [
            { "value": 48557, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_473103_2025.pdf", "title": "FAC minutes, 2 Dec 2025 (Stage-I recommended): trees to be felled", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-12-02" } },
            { "value": 48000, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2025-08/Combined%20executive%20summary-Torrent%20power.pdf", "title": "Torrent's draft EIA (Aug 2025): trees to be cut for the project", "outletId": "mpcb", "date": "2025-08" } },
            { "value": 48000, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://urbanacres.in/raigad-tree-felling-row-deepens-over-48000-trees-for-torrent-project/", "title": "Urban Acres: unnamed official cites 48,000 trees in the 6 Oct 2026 final approval", "outletId": "urban-acres", "date": "2026-10-25" } },
            { "value": 32490, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/not-merely-tree-felling-but-end-of-an-ecosystem-aaditya-thackeray-rohit-pawar-oppose-cutting-of-32490-trees-for-karjat-power-project", "title": "FPJ (citing TOI): felling permission of 14 Oct 2026", "outletId": "free-press-journal", "date": "2026-10-25" } },
            { "value": "~2,50,000 (alleged actual)", "valueMr": "~2,50,000 (आरोपानुसार प्रत्यक्ष)", "evidence": "alleged", "ref": { "url": "https://theprint.in/india/greens-see-red-in-torrent-power-unit-in-karjat-actor-calls-for-plate-banging-stir-over-tree-cutting/3082331/", "title": "ThePrint: Adv. Kailash More's estimate", "outletId": "theprint" } }
          ],
          "note": "48,557 is the count in the FAC minutes that recommended Stage-I (documented); 48,000 is the developer's own rounded EIA estimate (documented). 32,490 is the number reported from the Oct 2026 felling permission, whose text is not public. The 16,067 gap to the FAC count is unexplained; a phased Stage-II approval is one possible reason but is unverified. The FAC minutes of 8 May 2026 (CA land change) give no tree count and do not mention phasing, so they do not explain the gap. Show side by side; never average.",
          "noteMr": "48,557 ही Stage-I ची शिफारस करणाऱ्या FAC इतिवृत्तातील संख्या (अधिकृत दस्तऐवज); 48,000 हा विकासकाचा स्वतःचा EIA मधील पूर्णांकित अंदाज (अधिकृत दस्तऐवज). 32,490 हा ऑक्टोबर 2026 च्या वृक्षतोड परवानगीतून वृत्तांतात आलेला आकडा; परवानगीचा मजकूर सार्वजनिक नाही. FAC च्या आकड्याशी असलेल्या 16,067 च्या फरकाचे स्पष्टीकरण नाही; टप्प्याटप्प्याने दिलेली Stage-II मान्यता हे एक संभाव्य कारण, पण त्याची पडताळणी झालेली नाही. 8 मे 2026 च्या FAC इतिवृत्तात (CA जमिनीतील बदल) झाडांची संख्या नाही आणि टप्प्यांचा उल्लेखही नाही, त्यामुळे त्यातून हा फरक स्पष्ट होत नाही. आकडे शेजारी शेजारी दाखवा; सरासरी कधीच काढू नका."
        },
        {
          "field": "totalLandHa",
          "values": [
            { "value": 377, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://www.torrentpower.com/public/pdf/EC/EC_PSP.pdf", "title": "Karjat EC", "outletId": "torrent-power" } },
            { "value": 370, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://www.landconflictwatch.org/conflicts/water-forests-and-energy-local-resistance-to-the-torrent-power-s-pumped-storage-hydro-project-in-karjat-maharashtra", "title": "Land Conflict Watch", "outletId": "land-conflict-watch" } }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "saidongar-2-maval",
      "name": { "en": "Saidongar-2 PSP, Maval", "mr": "साईडोंगर-2 PSP, मावळ" },
      "developer": "Torrent PSH4, now Torrent Energy Storage Solutions 3 (Torrent Power)",
      "capacityMW": 1200, "storageGWh": 7.2, "storageIsEstimate": true,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Raigad"], "talukas": ["Maval", "Karjat"], "villages": ["Kusur", "Pali"],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.9, "lng": 73.4472, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "open", "inWesternGhats": true, "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 35.6, "totalLandHa": 141.44,
      "trees": {
        "count": 9554,
        "evidence": "documented",
        "ref": { "url": "https://www.mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2026-03/01_Saidongar_2_Executive_Summary_English.pdf", "title": "Saidongar-2 draft EIA executive summary (MPCB): 'cutting of about 9,554 trees'", "outletId": "mpcb", "date": "2026-03" }
      },
      "mouDate": "2024-09-03",
      "status": "tor_granted", "statusAsOf": "2026-03",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary", "nameMr": "भीमाशंकर वन्यजीव अभयारण्य", "distanceKm": 14.45, "evidence": "official_claim" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Fresh ToR 18 Feb 2025 (EAC 29 Jan 2025); draft EIA filed for public hearing Mar 2026; forest proposal FP/MH/HYD/IRRIG/556376/2025. Upper reservoir at Kusur (Maval); the lower reservoir on the Pej is shared with Saidongar-1 and its land is counted there. 35.60 ha forest of 141.44 ha. The EAC sub-committee that visited Saidongar-1 on 21–23 Apr 2025 also covered this site (report considered 14 May 2025): Upper Reservoir 2 was 'not accessible by road or foot' and was seen only on drone footage; the approach road takes 15.09 ha of the 35.60 ha forest. Storage GWh implied from 6 h generation.", "mr": "नवे ToR 18 फेब्रुवारी 2025 (EAC 29 जानेवारी 2025); जनसुनावणीसाठी EIA मसुदा मार्च 2026 मध्ये दाखल; वन प्रस्ताव FP/MH/HYD/IRRIG/556376/2025. वरचा जलाशय कुसूर (मावळ) येथे; पेज नदीवरील खालचा जलाशय साईडोंगर-1 सोबत सामायिक आहे आणि त्याची जमीन तिथे मोजली आहे. 141.44 ha पैकी 35.60 ha जंगल. 21–23 एप्रिल 2025 रोजी साईडोंगर-1 ची पाहणी करणाऱ्या EAC उपसमितीने हीही जागा पाहिली (अहवाल 14 मे 2025 रोजी विचारात घेतला): वरचा जलाशय 2 'रस्त्याने किंवा पायी पोहोचण्याजोगा नव्हता' आणि तो फक्त ड्रोन चित्रीकरणात पाहिला गेला; 35.60 ha जंगलापैकी 15.09 ha पोहोच रस्त्यात जाते. साठवण (GWh) 6 तासांच्या वीजनिर्मितीवरून काढली आहे." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/127593393_1747914246710.pdf", "title": "EAC 31st meeting minutes, 14 May 2025 (Saidongar-2 site-visit report, Annexure II)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-05-14" },
        { "url": "https://www.mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2026-03/01_Saidongar_2_Executive_Summary_English.pdf", "title": "Saidongar-2 Maval draft EIA executive summary (MPCB)", "outletId": "mpcb", "date": "2026-03" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 env & forest clearance decisions", "outletId": "sandrp" }
      ],
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "junnar-torrent",
      "name": { "en": "Junnar PSP", "mr": "जुन्नर PSP" },
      "developer": "Torrent Power",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "districts": ["Pune"], "talukas": ["Junnar"], "villages": [],
      "loop": "unknown", "inWesternGhats": true,
      "mouDate": "2023-06",
      "status": "mou", "statusAsOf": "2026-10-27",
      "confidence": "unverified",
      "refs": [{ "url": "https://powerline.net.in/2023/06/07/torrent-power-signs-mou-with-government-of-maharashtra-for-three-pumped-storage-hydro-projects/", "title": "Power Line: Torrent signs MoU for three PSPs", "outletId": "powerline", "date": "2023-06-07" }],
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "bhivpuri",
      "name": { "en": "Bhivpuri PSP", "mr": "भिवपुरी PSP" },
      "developer": "Tata Power",
      "capacityMW": 1000,
      "storageGWh": 6,
      "districts": ["Raigad", "Pune"],
      "talukas": ["Karjat"],
      "villages": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.9359, "lng": 73.4874, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 20.14,
      "totalLandHa": 117.41,
      "trees": {
        "count": 6834,
        "evidence": "documented",
        "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_354946_2025.pdf", "title": "FAC (Advisory Committee) minutes, 5 Mar 2025, MoM ID FC/MOM/AC/354946/2025: 'Density of vegetation has been given as 0.6 Eco Class-III with 6834 project affected trees'", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-03-05" }
      },
      "mouDate": "2023-08",
      "status": "under_construction",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-09-25",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "An EAC team visited the site on 23 Feb 2024 during ToR appraisal; the EAC recommended EC on 30–31 Aug 2024, before its 27 Sep 2024 Western Ghats site-visit rule (per SANDRP's tables of EAC minutes). EC letter May 2025. Final forest diversion order dated 5 Mar 2026 is for 20.14 ha (0.01 ha of the 20.15 ha turned out to be Tata Power land). EAC 63rd minutes (25 Sep 2026, item 63.6) recommended an EC amendment raising the lower reservoir's live storage from 4.5 to 5.5 MCM; total land unchanged at 117.41 ha. Coordinates are from the EC (18°56′9.34″N 73°29′14.59″E, the existing Thokarwadi upper reservoir). FAC minutes: on 5 Mar 2025 the committee sent the 20.15 ha forest proposal (6,834 trees, canopy 0.6) to a sub-committee for a site visit, noting the site is inside the draft ESA, in a high-conservation DSS zone and 10.53 km from Bhimashankar WLS; on 16 Apr 2025 it recommended Stage-I.", "mr": "ToR मूल्यांकनादरम्यान 23 फेब्रुवारी 2024 रोजी EAC च्या पथकाने जागेची पाहणी केली; EAC ने 30–31 ऑगस्ट 2024 रोजी EC ची शिफारस केली, म्हणजे 27 सप्टेंबर 2024 च्या पश्चिम घाट स्थळ-पाहणी नियमाआधी (SANDRP च्या EAC इतिवृत्त-तक्त्यांनुसार). EC पत्र मे 2025. 5 मार्च 2026 चा अंतिम वन-वळवणूक आदेश 20.14 ha साठी आहे (20.15 ha पैकी 0.01 ha Tata Power ची जमीन निघाली). EAC च्या 63 व्या इतिवृत्ताने (25 सप्टेंबर 2026, बाब 63.6) खालच्या जलाशयाचा जिवंत साठा 4.5 वरून 5.5 MCM करणाऱ्या EC सुधारणेची शिफारस केली; एकूण जमीन 117.41 ha, बदल नाही. निर्देशांक EC मधील आहेत (18°56′9.34″N 73°29′14.59″E, अस्तित्वातील ठोकरवाडी वरचा जलाशय). FAC इतिवृत्त: 5 मार्च 2025 रोजी समितीने 20.15 ha चा वन प्रस्ताव (6,834 झाडे, घनता 0.6) स्थळ पाहणीसाठी उपसमितीकडे पाठवला; जागा मसुदा ESA मध्ये, उच्च-संवर्धन DSS क्षेत्रात आणि भीमाशंकर अभयारण्यापासून 10.53 km वर असल्याचे नमूद केले; 16 एप्रिल 2025 रोजी Stage-I ची शिफारस केली." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.tatapower.com/sustainability/environmental-compliance/bhivpuri-psp---ec/Environment%20Clearance%20-%20May%202025.pdf", "title": "Bhivpuri EC (May 2025)", "outletId": "tata-power", "date": "2025-05" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2025/01/17/eac-fac-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects-in-2024/", "title": "SANDRP: EAC & FAC decisions in 2024", "outletId": "sandrp", "date": "2025-01-17" },
        { "url": "https://solarquarter.com/2026/03/27/andritz-secures-landmark-1000-mw-bhivpuri-pumped-storage-project-order-from-tata-power-in-india/", "title": "ANDRITZ Bhivpuri order", "outletId": "solarquarter", "date": "2026-03-27" },
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1244133055_1791267346460.pdf", "title": "EAC 63rd meeting minutes, 25 Sep 2026 (Bhivpuri EC amendment, item 63.6)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-09-25" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_354946_2025.pdf", "title": "FAC minutes, 5 Mar 2025 (Bhivpuri referred to sub-committee)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-03-05" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_774464_2025.pdf", "title": "FAC minutes, 16 Apr 2025 (Bhivpuri Stage-I recommended)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-04-16" },
        { "url": "https://www.gem.wiki/Bhivpuri_Pumped_Storage_hydroelectric_plant", "title": "Global Energy Monitor: Bhivpuri pumped storage plant (upper reservoir Thokarwadi)" }
      ],
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "shirawta",
      "name": { "en": "Shirawta PSP", "mr": "शिरवटा PSP" },
      "developer": "Tata Power",
      "capacityMW": 1800,
      "storageGWh": 10.8,
      "districts": ["Pune"],
      "talukas": ["Maval"],
      "villages": ["Khandshi", "Rakaswadi", "Thoran"],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 160.783,
      "totalLandHa": 197.797,
      "trees": { "count": 64729, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_969417_2026.pdf", "title": "FAC (Advisory Committee) minutes, 8 May 2026, MoM ID FC/MOM/AC/969417/2026: '64729 number of trees are proposed to be felled'", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-05-08" } },
      "costCr": 7285,
      "mouDate": "2023-08",
      "status": "ec_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-06-15",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary", "nameMr": "भीमाशंकर वन्यजीव अभयारण्य", "distanceKm": 19.7, "evidence": "official_claim" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "81% of the site is forest: 160.783 ha (157.157 ha reserve forest, 3.626 ha private forest) of 197.797 ha; the 37.014 ha non-forest land is Tata Power's own. Lower reservoir is the existing Shirawta dam. EAC site visit 23 Feb 2024 (per SANDRP); public hearing 29 Oct 2024 at Khandshi; EAC recommended EC 26 Sep 2025; EC granted 15 Jun 2026. Forest proposal FP/MH/HYD/IRRIG/477051/2024: the forest is 'Very Dense Forest' (canopy 0.7, Eco Class I) and 64,729 trees are to be felled; 130.669 ha of it is the upper reservoir. The FAC deferred Stage-I on 24 Mar 2026 (asked for the ESA division's view) and recommended it on 8 May 2026, after the ESZ division said PSPs are a 'regulated activity' in the draft ESA. So Stage-I was recommended before the 15 Jun EC; the date of the Stage-I letter itself is not known. Compensatory afforestation is 160.783 ha of Tata Power's own land at Tata Talav, Mulshi, which already has tree cover (density 0.4), so only a protection plan (₹7.33 cr) is proposed. The FAC noted Karjat (Saidongar-1) is 5.82 km away; the state said the two are in different basins. Works reported to start July 2026.", "mr": "जागेचा 81% भाग जंगल आहे: 197.797 ha पैकी 160.783 ha (157.157 ha राखीव वन, 3.626 ha खासगी वन); 37.014 ha वनेतर जमीन Tata Power चीच आहे. खालचा जलाशय म्हणजे अस्तित्वातील शिरवटा धरण. EAC स्थळ पाहणी 23 फेब्रुवारी 2024 (SANDRP नुसार); जनसुनावणी 29 ऑक्टोबर 2024 रोजी खांडशी येथे; EAC ने 26 सप्टेंबर 2025 रोजी EC ची शिफारस केली; EC 15 जून 2026 रोजी मिळाली. वन प्रस्ताव FP/MH/HYD/IRRIG/477051/2024: जंगल 'अतिघनदाट' (घनता 0.7, Eco Class I) आहे आणि 64,729 झाडे तोडली जाणार आहेत; त्यापैकी 130.669 ha वरचा जलाशय आहे. FAC ने 24 मार्च 2026 रोजी Stage-I पुढे ढकलले (ESA विभागाचे मत मागितले), आणि मसुदा ESA मध्ये PSP हे 'नियंत्रित काम' असल्याचे ESZ विभागाने सांगितल्यानंतर 8 मे 2026 रोजी शिफारस केली. म्हणजे Stage-I ची शिफारस 15 जूनच्या EC आधी झाली; Stage-I पत्राची तारीख माहीत नाही. भरपाई वनीकरणासाठी मुळशीतील टाटा तलाव येथील Tata Power चीच 160.783 ha जमीन आहे, जिथे आधीच झाडे आहेत (घनता 0.4), म्हणून फक्त संरक्षण आराखडा (₹7.33 कोटी) प्रस्तावित आहे. कर्जत (साईडोंगर-1) 5.82 km अंतरावर असल्याचे FAC ने नोंदवले; दोन्ही वेगवेगळ्या खोऱ्यांत असल्याचे राज्याने सांगितले. काम जुलै 2026 मध्ये सुरू झाल्याचे वृत्तांत." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.tatapower.com/sustainability/environmental-compliance/shirawta-psp/Shirawata%20PSP%20EC%20Letter%2015.06.2026.pdf", "title": "Shirawta EC letter, 15 Jun 2026 (MoEFCC)", "outletId": "tata-power", "date": "2026-06-15" },
        { "url": "https://mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2024-09/Shirawta%20PSP_EIA_Executive%20Summary.pdf", "title": "Shirawta draft EIA executive summary (MPCB), Sep 2024", "outletId": "mpcb", "date": "2024-09" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/137768455_1760006342095.pdf", "title": "EAC minutes, Sep 2025 (Shirawta)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-09-26" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/publicdocument/MOM_APPROVAL_DOCUMENT/Mom_FC_MOM_AC_969417_2026.pdf", "title": "FAC (Advisory Committee) minutes, 8 May 2026, MoM ID FC/MOM/AC/969417/2026 (Shirawta Stage-I recommended)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-05-08" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "costCr", "values": [{ "value": 7285, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://www.tatapower.com/sustainability/environmental-compliance/shirawta-psp/Shirawata%20PSP%20EC%20Letter%2015.06.2026.pdf", "title": "Shirawta EC letter, 15 Jun 2026: 'Rs 7285.0 crore'", "outletId": "tata-power", "date": "2026-06-15" } }, { "value": 7027.72, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2024-09/Shirawta%20PSP_EIA_Executive%20Summary.pdf", "title": "Shirawta draft EIA executive summary, Sep 2024: 'Rs 7027.72 crore'", "outletId": "mpcb", "date": "2024-09" } }], "note": "A ₹11,000 crore figure used earlier had no source and was dropped.", "noteMr": "आधी वापरलेल्या ₹11,000 कोटी आकड्याला स्रोत नव्हता, म्हणून तो काढून टाकला." }
      ],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.8406, "lng": 73.4544, "precision": "exact" }
    },
    {
      "id": "bhira",
      "name": { "en": "Bhira PSP (existing)", "mr": "भिरा PSP (कार्यरत)" },
      "developer": "Tata Power",
      "capacityMW": 150,
      "districts": ["Raigad"], "talukas": [], "villages": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.455, "lng": 73.3907, "precision": "approx" },
      "loop": "brownfield", "inWesternGhats": true,
      "status": "operating", "statusAsOf": "2026-10-27",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "refs": [{ "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhira_Hydroelectric_Project", "title": "Bhira Hydroelectric Project" }, { "url": "https://www.gem.wiki/Bhira_Pumped_Storage_hydroelectric_plant", "title": "Global Energy Monitor: Bhira pumped storage plant (coordinates)" }],
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "ghatgar",
      "name": { "en": "Ghatgar PSP (existing)", "mr": "घाटघर PSP (कार्यरत)" },
      "developer": "Mahagenco",
      "capacityMW": 250,
      "districts": ["Thane", "Ahmednagar"],
      "talukas": [],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "brownfield",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "status": "operating",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-10-27",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://cea.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/hpi/2024/06/PSP_Development_in_country.pdf", "title": "CEA: PSP development in country (Jun 2024)", "outletId": "cea" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1225359238_1777007399745.pdf", "title": "EAC 52nd meeting minutes, 13 Apr 2026 (Ghatghar Stage II, item 52.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-13" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 19.5427, "lng": 73.6656, "precision": "exact" },
      "notes": { "en": "Coords: upper reservoir, from the EAC 52nd minutes (Stage II item).", "mr": "निर्देशांक: वरचा जलाशय, EAC च्या 52 व्या इतिवृत्तातून (Stage II बाब)." }
    },
    {
      "id": "bhavali",
      "name": { "en": "Bhavali PSP", "mr": "भावली PSP" },
      "developer": "JSW Energy (PSP Two)",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "storageGWh": 11.017,
      "districts": ["Nashik", "Thane"],
      "talukas": ["Igatpuri", "Shahapur"],
      "villages": ["Jamunde", "Ladewadi", "Kalbhonde", "Kothale"],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "scheduledArea": true,
      "forestHa": 243.74,
      "totalLandHa": 278.92,
      "costCr": 8964.02,
      "mouDate": "2021",
      "status": "fc_deferred",
      "statusAsOf": "2025-12-02",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "notes": { "en": "EC recommended 29 May 2025; FAC deferred 2 Dec 2025. Scheduled Area; 10 families displaced, 130 affected.", "mr": "EC ची शिफारस 29 मे 2025; FAC ने 2 डिसेंबर 2025 रोजी पुढे ढकलले. अनुसूचित क्षेत्र; 10 कुटुंबे विस्थापित, 130 बाधित." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/129522312_1749460422964.pdf", "title": "EAC 32nd meeting minutes, 29 May 2025", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-05-29" },
        { "url": "https://www.iamrenew.com/green-energy/bhavali-pumped-storage-moves-ahead-with-approval-for-eia-study/", "title": "Bhavali PSP approval for EIA study" },
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/126330728_1746513028461.pdf", "title": "EAC 30th meeting minutes, 30 Apr 2025 (Bhavali EC, item 30.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-04-30" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "status", "values": [{ "value": "fc_deferred (FAC, 2 Dec 2025)", "valueMr": "वन मंजुरी पुढे ढकलली (FAC, 2 डिसेंबर 2025)", "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 env & forest clearance decisions", "outletId": "sandrp", "date": "2026-01-20" } }, { "value": "construction started", "valueMr": "बांधकाम सुरू", "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" } }], "note": "Annexure 1 says construction has started. No Stage-I FC found after the Dec 2025 deferral; works may be on non-forest land. Unresolved.", "noteMr": "Annexure 1 नुसार बांधकाम सुरू झाले आहे. डिसेंबर 2025 च्या स्थगितीनंतर Stage-I FC आढळली नाही; काम वनेतर जमिनीवर असू शकते. प्रश्न अनुत्तरित." }
      ],
      "coords": { "lat": 19.6088, "lng": 73.5959, "precision": "exact" }
    },
    {
      "id": "pane",
      "name": { "en": "Pane PSP", "mr": "पाणे PSP" },
      "developer": "JSW",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "storageGWh": 9.6,
      "districts": ["Raigad", "Pune"],
      "talukas": ["Mahad", "Velhe"],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 66.91,
      "totalLandHa": 293.5,
      "status": "ec_recommended",
      "statusAsOf": "2025-12-19",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "notes": { "en": "Upper dam ~3 km from Adani's Warasgaon upper dam; no cumulative assessment. EAC sub-committee site visit 27–28 Jun 2025, report considered 12 Sep 2025, EC recommended 19 Dec 2025 (per SANDRP). The minutes of the 39th EAC meeting (12 Sep 2025) have no Pane item, so the site-visit report must have been taken up at another meeting. Coords: centre of the four boundary points in the EAC 45th minutes (item 45.3).", "mr": "वरचे धरण Adani च्या वरसगाव वरच्या धरणापासून ~3 km वर; एकत्रित मूल्यांकन नाही. EAC उपसमितीची स्थळ पाहणी 27–28 जून 2025, अहवाल 12 सप्टेंबर 2025 रोजी विचारात घेतला, EC ची शिफारस 19 डिसेंबर 2025 (SANDRP नुसार). EAC च्या 39 व्या बैठकीच्या (12 सप्टेंबर 2025) इतिवृत्तात पाणे ची बाब नाही, म्हणजे स्थळ-पाहणी अहवाल दुसऱ्या बैठकीत घेतला गेला असावा. निर्देशांक: EAC च्या 45 व्या इतिवृत्तातील (बाब 45.3) चार सीमाबिंदूंचा मध्य." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/moefcc-recommends-ec-for-kalai-ii-dulhasti-stage-ii-and-pane-psp-projects/", "title": "MoEFCC recommends EC for Pane PSP", "outletId": "power-peak-digest" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 env & forest clearance decisions", "outletId": "sandrp", "date": "2026-01-20" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1208927588_1766584230326.pdf", "title": "EAC 45th meeting minutes, 19 Dec 2025 (Pane EC, item 45.3)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-12-19" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.2591, "lng": 73.4813, "precision": "approx" }
    },
    {
      "id": "malshej-bhorande",
      "name": { "en": "Malshej Ghat Bhorande PSP", "mr": "माळशेज घाट भोरांडे PSP" },
      "developer": "Adani Renewable Energy Fifty Two (Adani Green)",
      "capacityMW": 1500, "storageGWh": 9, "storageIsEstimate": true,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Thane"], "talukas": ["Junnar", "Murbad"], "villages": ["Adoshi", "Ajanawale", "Ghatghar", "Bhorande"],
      "coords": { "lat": 19.2998, "lng": 73.691, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "closed", "inWesternGhats": true, "inDraftESA": true, "scheduledArea": true,
      "forestHa": 60.8767, "totalLandHa": 166.0646,
      "trees": {
        "count": 35000,
        "evidence": "documented",
        "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/129522312_1749460422964.pdf", "title": "EAC 32nd meeting minutes, 29 May 2025: sub-committee site-visit report, 'around 35000 trees and saplings' on 60.49 ha", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-05-29" }
      },
      "costCr": 7048,
      "status": "tor_granted", "statusAsOf": "2026-08-17",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary", "nameMr": "भीमाशंकर वन्यजीव अभयारण्य", "distanceKm": 10.8, "evidence": "official_claim" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Off-stream closed loop. ToR 24 Mar 2023 (1,440 MW), amended 27 May 2024 (1,500 MW), transferred from Adani Green to Adani Renewable Energy Fifty Two on 23 Jun 2025. EAC sub-committee (Kartik Sapre, Rakesh Goyal, Dr P. R. Sakhare) visited on 26 Apr 2025; its report, considered 29 May 2025, put forest at 60.49 ha of 166.26 ha, density about 600 trees/ha, and 'around 35000 trees and saplings' to be cut. It found 'minor resistance' at the upper reservoir, where geotechnical work was blocked by 25 tribal houses resettled from the Manikdoh dam; a dam break at the upper reservoir would affect five villages. Draft EIA May 2026: 60.8767 ha forest of 166.0646 ha (plus 9 ha leased); forest is mostly the lower reservoir (41.71 ha). The 65.47 ha upper reservoir on the Adoshi plateau is counted as non-forest land, though the plateau holds threatened endemics. Kalsubai-Harishchandragad WLS is 11.8 km from the upper reservoir. Public hearing (21 Aug 2026) postponed after 500+ protested at MPCB Pune on 17 Aug. Storage GWh implied from 6 h generation.", "mr": "Off-stream closed loop. ToR 24 मार्च 2023 (1,440 MW), सुधारणा 27 मे 2024 (1,500 MW), 23 जून 2025 रोजी Adani Green कडून Adani Renewable Energy Fifty Two कडे हस्तांतरित. EAC उपसमितीने (कार्तिक सप्रे, राकेश गोयल, डॉ. पी. आर. साखरे) 26 एप्रिल 2025 रोजी पाहणी केली; 29 मे 2025 रोजी विचारात घेतलेल्या तिच्या अहवालानुसार 166.26 ha पैकी 60.49 ha जंगल, घनता प्रति ha सुमारे 600 झाडे, आणि 'सुमारे 35000 झाडे आणि रोपे' तोडली जाणार. वरच्या जलाशयाच्या जागी 'किरकोळ विरोध' आढळला: माणिकडोह धरणातून पुनर्वसित 25 आदिवासी घरांनी भू-तांत्रिक काम रोखले; वरचे धरण फुटल्यास पाच गावे बाधित होतील. EIA मसुदा मे 2026: 166.0646 ha पैकी 60.8767 ha जंगल (शिवाय 9 ha भाडेपट्ट्याने); जंगल मुख्यतः खालच्या जलाशयात (41.71 ha). आडोशी पठारावरील 65.47 ha चा वरचा जलाशय वनेतर जमीन म्हणून मोजला आहे, जरी पठारावर संकटग्रस्त स्थानिक प्रजाती आहेत. कळसूबाई-हरिश्चंद्रगड अभयारण्य वरच्या जलाशयापासून 11.8 km वर. 17 ऑगस्ट रोजी MPCB पुणे येथे 500+ लोकांनी आंदोलन केल्यानंतर जनसुनावणी (21 ऑगस्ट 2026) पुढे ढकलली. साठवण (GWh) 6 तासांच्या वीजनिर्मितीवरून काढली आहे." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2026-06/MGB_PSP_Draft_EIA_Executive_Summary.pdf", "title": "Malshej Ghat Bhorande PSP draft EIA executive summary (MPCB), May 2026", "outletId": "mpcb", "date": "2026-05" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/129522312_1749460422964.pdf", "title": "EAC 32nd meeting minutes, 29 May 2025 (Bhorande site-visit report, item 32.7)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-05-29" },
        { "url": "https://sanctuarynaturefoundation.org/article/on-the-precipice", "title": "Sanctuary Asia: On the Precipice", "outletId": "sanctuary-asia", "date": "2026-10" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        {
          "field": "developer",
          "values": [
            { "value": "Adani Renewable Energy Fifty Two", "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://www.mpcb.gov.in/sites/default/files/public_hearing/exe_summary/2026-06/MGB_PSP_Draft_EIA_Executive_Summary.pdf", "title": "Draft EIA (May 2026), citing the ToR transfer of 23 Jun 2025", "outletId": "mpcb" } },
            { "value": "Adani Renewable Energy Fifty Two", "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://sanctuarynaturefoundation.org/article/on-the-precipice", "title": "Sanctuary Asia", "outletId": "sanctuary-asia" } },
            { "value": "JSW Energy PSP II", "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP 2025 decisions table (29 May 2025 row)", "outletId": "sandrp" } }
          ],
          "note": "Resolved: the draft EIA names Adani Renewable Energy Fifty Two. SANDRP's table likely copied the developer from the Bhavali row above it.",
          "noteMr": "सुटलेला प्रश्न: EIA मसुद्यात Adani Renewable Energy Fifty Two हे नाव आहे. SANDRP च्या तक्त्यात बहुधा वरच्या भावली ओळीतील विकासकाचे नाव चुकून आले."
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "thdc-malshej",
      "name": { "en": "THDC Malshej Ghat PSP", "mr": "THDC माळशेज घाट PSP" },
      "developer": "THDC India",
      "capacityMW": 1200,
      "districts": ["Thane", "Pune"],
      "talukas": ["Junnar", "Murbad"],
      "villages": ["Khubi", "Thitabi Tarf Vaishakhare"],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 74.06,
      "totalLandHa": 310.61,
      "costCr": 5054,
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2025-11-24",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Kalsubai-Harishchandragad WLS", "nameMr": "कळसूबाई-हरिश्चंद्रगड अभयारण्य", "distanceKm": 3, "evidence": "reported" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC granted ToR on 12 Nov 2025 for 1,200 MW on about 310 ha, including 74 ha of forest (reported; ToR minutes not yet read). An EAC sub-committee is to inspect the site before EC. Draws from the Kalu, one of the last free-flowing west-flowing rivers. Khubi is on the Harishchandragad–Bhimashankar corridor; Adrai sacred grove nearby. EAC 43rd minutes (12 Nov 2025, item 43.1): 310.61 ha = 74.06 ha forest + 236.55 ha private. Kalsubai-Harishchandragad WLS 3 km away; project kept outside its notified ESZ, and larger layouts (to 2,400 MW) were dropped because they fell inside it. ToR issued 24 Nov 2025. An EAC sub-committee visited on 21 Jun 2026 and reported 'barren rocky terrain' with sparse vegetation; the EAC accepted the report on 15 Jul 2026.", "mr": "EAC ने 12 नोव्हेंबर 2025 रोजी सुमारे 310 ha वर, त्यात 74 ha जंगलासह, 1,200 MW साठी ToR दिले (वृत्तांत; ToR इतिवृत्त अद्याप वाचलेले नाही). EC पूर्वी EAC उपसमिती जागेची पाहणी करणार आहे. पाणी काळू नदीतून, जी शेवटच्या मुक्त वाहणाऱ्या पश्चिमवाहिनी नद्यांपैकी एक आहे. खुबी हरिश्चंद्रगड–भीमाशंकर वन्यजीव मार्गावर आहे; जवळच आडराई देवराई. EAC चे 43 वे इतिवृत्त (12 नोव्हेंबर 2025, बाब 43.1): 310.61 ha = 74.06 ha जंगल + 236.55 ha खासगी. कळसूबाई-हरिश्चंद्रगड अभयारण्य 3 km वर; प्रकल्प त्याच्या अधिसूचित ESZ बाहेर ठेवला आहे, आणि मोठे आराखडे (2,400 MW पर्यंत) ESZ च्या आत येत असल्याने वगळले. ToR 24 नोव्हेंबर 2025 रोजी जारी. 21 जून 2026 रोजी EAC उपसमितीने पाहणी करून विरळ वनस्पती असलेला 'ओसाड खडकाळ भूभाग' असा अहवाल दिला; EAC ने 15 जुलै 2026 रोजी अहवाल स्वीकारला." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://swarajyamag.com/infrastructure/thdcs-1200-mw-malshej-ghat-pumped-hydro-power-project-in-maharashtra-gets-preliminary-nod-from-centres-expert-panel", "title": "Swarajya: THDC's 1,200 MW Malshej Ghat PSP gets preliminary nod", "outletId": "swarajya", "date": "2025-11-23" },
        { "url": "https://sanctuarynaturefoundation.org/article/on-the-precipice", "title": "Sanctuary Asia: On the Precipice", "outletId": "sanctuary-asia" },
        { "url": "https://superkalam.com/current-affairs/23-11-2025/pumped-hydro-project-near-malshej-ghat-gets-approval-for-impact-studies-pg8-bc27119c-819d-4b5f-b202-9110d4ff3d1a", "title": "Malshej Ghat PSP gets approval for impact studies", "outletId": "superkalam", "date": "2025-11-23" },
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/440641578_1763449865661.pdf", "title": "EAC 43rd meeting minutes, 12 Nov 2025 (Malshej Ghat ToR, item 43.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-11-12" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1236788986_1785321627082.pdf", "title": "EAC 58th meeting minutes, 15 Jul 2026 (item 58.6, site-visit reports)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-15" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "capacityMW", "values": [{ "value": 700, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://sanctuarynaturefoundation.org/article/on-the-precipice", "title": "Sanctuary Asia", "outletId": "sanctuary-asia" } }, { "value": 1200, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://swarajyamag.com/infrastructure/thdcs-1200-mw-malshej-ghat-pumped-hydro-power-project-in-maharashtra-gets-preliminary-nod-from-centres-expert-panel", "title": "Swarajya (ToR, Nov 2025)", "outletId": "swarajya" } }], "note": "700 MW was the 2024 MoU figure; the Nov 2025 ToR is for 1,200 MW.", "noteMr": "700 MW हा 2024 च्या MoU मधील आकडा; नोव्हेंबर 2025 चे ToR 1,200 MW साठी आहे." },
        { "field": "costCr", "values": [{ "value": 5054, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://sanctuarynaturefoundation.org/article/on-the-precipice", "title": "Sanctuary Asia", "outletId": "sanctuary-asia" } }, { "value": 6815, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://swarajyamag.com/infrastructure/thdcs-1200-mw-malshej-ghat-pumped-hydro-power-project-in-maharashtra-gets-preliminary-nod-from-centres-expert-panel", "title": "Swarajya (ToR, Nov 2025)", "outletId": "swarajya" } }] }
      ],
      "coords": { "lat": 19.3496, "lng": 73.8004, "precision": "exact" }
    },
    {
      "id": "jsw-western-ghats-5200",
      "name": { "en": "JSW Bhor–Mahad PSP (5,400 MW)", "mr": "JSW भोर–महाड PSP (5,400 MW)" },
      "developer": "JSW Energy PSP Nine Ltd (JSW Neo Energy)",
      "capacityMW": 5400,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Raigad"],
      "talukas": ["Bhor", "Mahad"],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "costCr": 19950,
      "mouDate": "2025-12-12",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-09-25",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.energetica-india.net/news/jsw-neo-energy-signs-inr-19950-cr-mou-with-maha-govt-for-5200-mw-western-ghats-psp", "title": "JSW Neo ₹19,950 cr MoU", "outletId": "energetica-india", "date": "2025-12-12" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1244133055_1791267346460.pdf", "title": "EAC 63rd meeting minutes, 25 Sep 2026 (JSW 5,400 MW ToR, item 63.3)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-09-25" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "capacityMW", "values": [{ "value": 5200, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://www.energetica-india.net/news/jsw-neo-energy-signs-inr-19950-cr-mou-with-maha-govt-for-5200-mw-western-ghats-psp", "title": "JSW Neo ₹19,950 cr MoU" } }, { "value": 5400, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1244133055_1791267346460.pdf", "title": "EAC 63rd meeting minutes, 25 Sep 2026 (JSW 5,400 MW ToR, item 63.3)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-09-25" } }], "note": "5,200 MW is the Dec 2025 MoU figure; the Sep 2026 ToR is for 5,400 MW.", "noteMr": "5,200 MW हा डिसेंबर 2025 च्या MoU मधील आकडा; सप्टेंबर 2026 चे ToR 5,400 MW साठी आहे." }
      ],
      "forestHa": 241.22,
      "totalLandHa": 645.62,
      "coords": { "lat": 18.0861, "lng": 73.6098, "precision": "exact" },
      "notes": { "en": "EAC 63rd minutes (25 Sep 2026, item 63.3, proposal IA/MH/RIV/592392/2026): ToR recommended for a 5,400 MW PSP in Bhor (Pune) and Mahad (Raigad) by JSW Energy PSP Nine Ltd, on 645.62 ha = 241.22 ha forest + 391.67 ha private + 12.73 ha government. We treat it as the 5,200 MW Dec 2025 MoU project (same group, same districts, similar size); the minutes do not name the MoU, hence confidence 'secondary'. Largest single PSP proposed in the state.", "mr": "EAC चे 63 वे इतिवृत्त (25 सप्टेंबर 2026, बाब 63.3, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/592392/2026): JSW Energy PSP Nine Ltd च्या भोर (पुणे) आणि महाड (रायगड) येथील 5,400 MW च्या PSP साठी ToR ची शिफारस, 645.62 ha = 241.22 ha जंगल + 391.67 ha खासगी + 12.73 ha सरकारी. हा डिसेंबर 2025 च्या MoU मधील 5,200 MW चा प्रकल्प आहे असे मानले आहे (तोच समूह, तेच जिल्हे, साधारण तेवढाच आकार); इतिवृत्तात MoU चे नाव नाही, म्हणून विश्वासार्हता 'दुय्यम स्रोत'. राज्यातील सर्वात मोठा प्रस्तावित एकल PSP." }
    },
    {
      "id": "tarali",
      "name": { "en": "Tarali PSP", "mr": "तारळी PSP" },
      "developer": "Adani Green",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "storageGWh": 9.75,
      "storageIsEstimate": true,
      "districts": ["Satara"],
      "talukas": ["Patan"],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 0,
      "totalLandHa": 150.74,
      "mouDate": "2022-06-28",
      "status": "ec_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2025-06-18",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Layout revised from 63.10 ha forest at original ToR to 0 ha: shows siting changes outcomes. Storage is our estimate: 1,500 MW for 'about 6.5 hours' of daily generation (EC).", "mr": "मूळ ToR मधील 63.10 ha जंगलावरून आराखडा बदलून 0 ha: जागेच्या निवडीने परिणाम बदलतात हे यातून दिसते. साठवण हा या साइटचा अंदाज: रोज 'सुमारे 6.5 तास' वीजनिर्मितीसाठी 1,500 MW (EC)." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.adanigreenenergy.com/-/media/Project/GreenEnergy/Corporate-Announcement/Others/Environment-Clearance---Tarali.pdf", "title": "Tarali EC", "outletId": "adani-green" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/117163024_1736421639007.pdf", "title": "EAC 21st meeting minutes, 31 Dec 2024 (Tarali EC, item 21.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2024-12-31" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 17.5076, "lng": 73.8889, "precision": "exact" }
    },
    {
      "id": "warasgaon-warangi",
      "name": { "en": "Warasgaon–Warangi PSP", "mr": "वरसगाव–वरंगी PSP" },
      "developer": "Adani Green",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "storageGWh": 9,
      "storageIsEstimate": true,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Raigad"],
      "talukas": ["Velhe", "Mahad"],
      "villages": ["Tekpowale", "Warangi", "Khanu"],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 90,
      "totalLandHa": 226.16,
      "costCr": 5516.8,
      "mouDate": "2022",
      "status": "rejected_resubmitted",
      "statusAsOf": "2024-12-31",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "notes": { "en": "Rejected 27 Sep 2024 after forest land rose from 24.50 to 88.98 ha; fresh ToR 31 Dec 2024 (EAC 21st minutes) for 226.16 ha, of which 90.00 ha is forest. Warangi is in the draft ESA.", "mr": "वनजमीन 24.50 वरून 88.98 ha झाल्यावर 27 सप्टेंबर 2024 रोजी नाकारला; 31 डिसेंबर 2024 रोजी (EAC चे 21 वे इतिवृत्त) 226.16 ha साठी नवे ToR, त्यापैकी 90.00 ha जंगल. वरंगी मसुदा ESA मध्ये आहे." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/govt-halts-adani-project-in-western-ghats/amp", "title": "Tribune: Govt halts Adani project in Western Ghats", "outletId": "tribune" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2024/11/29/letter-to-the-eac-no-justification-for-adani-dams-in-the-western-ghats/", "title": "SANDRP letter to EAC", "outletId": "sandrp", "date": "2024-11-29" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/117163024_1736421639007.pdf", "title": "EAC 21st meeting minutes, 31 Dec 2024 (Warasgaon Warangi, item 21.2)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2024-12-31" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "forestHa", "values": [{ "value": 88.98, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/govt-halts-adani-project-in-western-ghats/amp", "title": "Tribune (EAC minutes)", "outletId": "tribune" } }, { "value": 90, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/117163024_1736421639007.pdf", "title": "EAC 21st minutes, 31 Dec 2024 (fresh ToR): 90.00 ha forest of 226.16 ha", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2024-12-31" } }], "note": "88.98 ha was the Sep 2024 amendment the EAC rejected; 90.00 ha is the fresh ToR of Dec 2024. An earlier '80.03 ha' figure is not in these minutes and was dropped.", "noteMr": "88.98 ha ही EAC ने नाकारलेली सप्टेंबर 2024 ची सुधारणा; 90.00 ha डिसेंबर 2024 च्या नव्या ToR मधील. आधीचा '80.03 ha' हा आकडा या इतिवृत्तांत नाही, म्हणून काढून टाकला." }
      ],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.3123, "lng": 73.4691, "precision": "exact" }
    },
    {
      "id": "patgaon",
      "name": {"en": "Patgaon PSP", "mr": "पाटगाव PSP"},
      "developer": "Adani Green",
      "capacityMW": 2100,
      "districts": ["Sindhudurg", "Kolhapur"],
      "talukas": ["Bhudargad", "Kudal"],
      "villages": ["Anjiwade"],
      "coords": { "lat": 16.1133, "lng": 73.9189, "precision": "approx" },
      "loop": "unknown",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 28.33,
      "costCr": 7000,
      "mouDate": "2022-06",
      "status": "tor_lapsed",
      "statusAsOf": "2026",
      "confidence": "unverified",
      "notes": {"en": "ToR for EIA studies Nov 2022. Article 14 reports the company acquired 70 acres (28.33 ha) of forest land near Anjiwade; no official forest-diversion figure found. In a 23 Jan 2024 letter to the Kolhapur collector the company said it would not use the existing Patgaon reservoir and was 'exploring possibilities of shifting the location'. Activists report works began before clearance and no public hearing was held; ~110 villages opposed. Patgaon dam is the only water source for Bhudargad tehsil. Annexure 1 (2026) lists Patgaon (Adani Green, Sindhudurg, 2,100 MW) with its ToR validity expired.", "mr": "EIA अभ्यासासाठी ToR नोव्हेंबर 2022. Article 14 च्या वृत्तांतानुसार कंपनीने आंजिवडेजवळ 70 एकर (28.33 ha) वनजमीन घेतली; अधिकृत वन-वळवणुकीचा आकडा आढळला नाही. 23 जानेवारी 2024 रोजी कोल्हापूर जिल्हाधिकाऱ्यांना लिहिलेल्या पत्रात कंपनीने अस्तित्वातील पाटगाव जलाशय वापरणार नसल्याचे आणि 'जागा बदलण्याच्या शक्यता तपासत' असल्याचे म्हटले. मंजुरीपूर्वीच काम सुरू झाले आणि जनसुनावणी झाली नाही, असे कार्यकर्ते सांगतात; ~110 गावांनी विरोध केला. पाटगाव धरण हा भुदरगड तालुक्याचा पाण्याचा एकमेव स्रोत आहे. Annexure 1 (2026) मध्ये पाटगाव (Adani Green, सिंधुदुर्ग, 2,100 MW) ची ToR मुदत संपल्याचे नमूद आहे."},
      "refs": [{"url": "https://tribe.article-14.com/post/how-modi-govt-gave-early-permissions-for-rs-19-000-cr-adani-energy-projects-in-india-s-oldest-forests-65c2f9af90fad", "title": "Article 14: How Modi govt gave early permissions for Adani energy projects in India's oldest forests", "outletId": "article-14", "date": "2024-02-07"}, {"url": "https://sandrp.in/2024/12/26/2024-concerns-about-pump-storage-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2024 concerns about PSPs", "outletId": "sandrp", "date": "2024-12-26"}, {"url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4"}, { "url": "https://www.gem.wiki/Patgaon_hydroelectric_plant", "title": "Global Energy Monitor: Patgaon plant (coordinates of the Sindhudurg side)" }],
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "koyna-nivakane",
      "name": { "en": "Koyna–Nivakane PSP", "mr": "कोयना–निवकणे PSP" },
      "developer": "Adani Green",
      "capacityMW": 2700,
      "districts": ["Satara"],
      "talukas": ["Patan"],
      "villages": ["Nivakane", "Marathwadi"],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 0,
      "totalLandHa": 361.82,
      "costCr": 14952,
      "status": "ec_recommended",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-07-15",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Sahyadri Tiger Reserve (buffer zone)", "nameMr": "सह्याद्री व्याघ्र प्रकल्प (बफर क्षेत्र)", "distanceKm": 0.15, "evidence": "reported" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Now the 'Nivakane (Integrated) PSP'. ToR amended 11 Jul 2025 from 2,450 MW on 312.84 ha to 2,700 MW on 361.82 ha after the lower dam moved. EAC sub-committee site visit 26 Nov 2024. EAC recommended EC on 15 Jul 2026 on condition of prior NBWL Standing Committee clearance; the site is ~150 m from the Sahyadri Tiger Reserve buffer. Land reported as non-forest private land (forest 0 ha per Power Peak Digest; EAC minutes not yet read). EAC 58th minutes (item 58.1, proposal IA/MH/RIV/580995/2026) confirm 361.82 ha, all non-forest, and ~0.15 km from the Sahyadri Tiger Reserve buffer.", "mr": "आता 'Nivakane (Integrated) PSP'. खालचे धरण हलवल्यानंतर 11 जुलै 2025 रोजी ToR मध्ये सुधारणा: 312.84 ha वरील 2,450 MW वरून 361.82 ha वरील 2,700 MW. EAC उपसमितीची स्थळ पाहणी 26 नोव्हेंबर 2024. आधी NBWL स्थायी समितीची मंजुरी घेण्याच्या अटीवर EAC ने 15 जुलै 2026 रोजी EC ची शिफारस केली; जागा सह्याद्री व्याघ्र प्रकल्पाच्या बफरपासून ~150 m वर आहे. जमीन वनेतर खासगी असल्याचे वृत्तांत (Power Peak Digest नुसार जंगल 0 ha; EAC इतिवृत्त अद्याप वाचलेले नाही). EAC चे 58 वे इतिवृत्त (बाब 58.1, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/580995/2026) 361.82 ha, सर्व वनेतर, आणि सह्याद्री व्याघ्र प्रकल्पाच्या बफरपासून ~0.15 km याची पुष्टी करते." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://theprint.in/india/pumped-storage-project-150-m-from-sahyadri-tiger-reserve-gets-key-environment-nod/3000443/", "title": "ThePrint (PTI): PSP 150 m from Sahyadri Tiger Reserve gets key environment nod", "outletId": "theprint", "date": "2026-07-29" },
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/adani-green-2700mw-psp-gets-eac-clearance/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC clears Adani's Nivakane PSP near tiger reserve buffer", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-08-05" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 decisions", "outletId": "sandrp" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1236788986_1785321627082.pdf", "title": "EAC 58th meeting minutes, 15 Jul 2026 (Nivakane EC, item 58.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-15" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 17.4831, "lng": 73.8436, "precision": "exact" }
    },
    {
      "id": "pimpalpada-savale",
      "name": { "en": "Pimpalpada–Savale PSP", "mr": "पिंपळपाडा–सावळे PSP" },
      "developer": "Chambery Power (EDF Power Solutions India)",
      "capacityMW": 2100,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Raigad"],
      "talukas": ["Karjat", "Mawal"],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "totalLandHa": 249.23,
      "costCr": 10217,
      "mouDate": "2026-03-05",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-06-29",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Closed loop, 2,100 MW on 249.23 ha in Karjat (Raigad) and Mawal (Pune): the same ridge as Torrent's Saidongar projects. Taken up for a fresh ToR at the EAC 57th meeting (29 Jun 2026, item 57.6, proposal IA/MH/RIV/582404/2026); the minutes and the forest area are not yet read. EAC 57th minutes (item 57.6): ToR recommended. 249.23 ha = 99.36 ha forest + 149.87 ha non-forest; lower reservoir 109.53 ha of which 59.81 ha forest. One alternative layout fell partly inside Bhimashankar WLS and was dropped. All components are in the draft Western Ghats ESA.", "mr": "Closed loop, कर्जत (रायगड) आणि मावळ (पुणे) मधील 249.23 ha वर 2,100 MW: Torrent च्या साईडोंगर प्रकल्पांचीच डोंगररांग. EAC च्या 57 व्या बैठकीत (29 जून 2026, बाब 57.6, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/582404/2026) नव्या ToR साठी विचार; इतिवृत्त आणि वनक्षेत्र अद्याप वाचलेले नाही. EAC चे 57 वे इतिवृत्त (बाब 57.6): ToR ची शिफारस. 249.23 ha = 99.36 ha जंगल + 149.87 ha वनेतर; खालचा जलाशय 109.53 ha, त्यापैकी 59.81 ha जंगल. एक पर्यायी आराखडा अंशतः भीमाशंकर अभयारण्यात येत असल्याने वगळला. सर्व घटक मसुदा पश्चिम घाट ESA मध्ये आहेत." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1232739421_1781894034873.pdf", "title": "EAC 57th meeting agenda, 29 Jun 2026 (item 57.6)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-06-19" },
        { "url": "https://www.energetica-india.net/news/maharashtra-signs-inr-10217-crore-mou-with-chambery-power-for-2100-mw-psp", "title": "Maharashtra signs ₹10,217 cr MoU with Chambery Power", "outletId": "energetica-india", "date": "2026-03-05" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1235021675_1783933754820.pdf", "title": "EAC 57th meeting minutes, 29 Jun 2026 (Pimpalpada Savale ToR, item 57.6)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-06-29" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "forestHa": 99.36,
      "coords": { "lat": 18.9579, "lng": 73.4697, "precision": "exact" }
    },
    {
      "id": "kumbhe",
      "name": { "en": "Kumbhe PSP", "mr": "कुंभे PSP" },
      "developer": "NTPC",
      "capacityMW": 1100,
      "districts": ["Raigad"], "talukas": ["Mangaon"], "villages": ["Kelgan", "Kumbhe", "Manjurne", "Chach"],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.3147, "lng": 73.3742, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "open", "inWesternGhats": true, "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 9.6, "totalLandHa": 151.06,
      "mouDate": "2024-09-03",
      "status": "tor_granted", "statusAsOf": "2025-09-12",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Off-stream open loop, 4 × 275 MW. The upper reservoir is the WRD's part-built Kumbhe dam on the Nirabai river (a Savitri tributary), first started as a conventional hydro project; the lower dam is planned below Chach waterfall. Coords are the upper dam. EAC recommended ToR on 12 Sep 2025 (39th meeting). Land 151.06 ha: 82.43 ha private, 59.03 ha government, 9.60 ha forest (all reserved forest); Stage-I FC not yet applied for at ToR. The EAC noted all components lie inside the draft Western Ghats ESA (31 Jul 2024) and made a sub-committee site visit a ToR condition before EC. Submergence is listed as 123.96 ha (upper, already acquired by WRD) plus 33.95 ha (lower), more than the 151.06 ha total, so the upper reservoir land appears to sit outside the project's own land count. Tree count to be given in the EIA. MoU 3 Sep 2024 at 1,000 MW; an addendum of 29 Apr 2026 raised it to 1,100 MW.", "mr": "Off-stream open loop, 4 × 275 MW. वरचा जलाशय म्हणजे निराबाई नदीवरील (सावित्रीची उपनदी) जलसंपदा विभागाचे अर्धवट बांधलेले कुंभे धरण, जे आधी पारंपरिक जलविद्युत प्रकल्प म्हणून सुरू झाले होते; खालचे धरण चाच धबधब्याखाली नियोजित. निर्देशांक वरच्या धरणाचे. EAC ने 12 सप्टेंबर 2025 रोजी (39 वी बैठक) ToR ची शिफारस केली. जमीन 151.06 ha: 82.43 ha खासगी, 59.03 ha सरकारी, 9.60 ha जंगल (सर्व राखीव वन); ToR वेळी Stage-I FC साठी अर्ज केलेला नव्हता. सर्व घटक मसुदा पश्चिम घाट ESA (31 जुलै 2024) मध्ये असल्याचे EAC ने नोंदवले, आणि EC पूर्वी उपसमितीची स्थळ पाहणी ही ToR ची अट केली. बुडित क्षेत्र 123.96 ha (वरचे, जलसंपदा विभागाने आधीच संपादित) अधिक 33.95 ha (खालचे) असे दिले आहे, जे एकूण 151.06 ha पेक्षा जास्त आहे; म्हणजे वरच्या जलाशयाची जमीन प्रकल्पाच्या स्वतःच्या जमिनीच्या हिशेबाबाहेर दिसते. झाडांची संख्या EIA मध्ये द्यायची आहे. MoU 3 सप्टेंबर 2024 रोजी 1,000 MW साठी; 29 एप्रिल 2026 च्या पुरवणी करारात 1,100 MW." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/136757334_1758545395687.pdf", "title": "EAC 39th meeting minutes, 12 Sep 2025 (Kumbhe ToR, item 39.3)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-09-12" },
        { "url": "https://indianmasterminds.com/news/ntpc-maharashtra-psp-capacity-expansion-2600mw-200975/", "title": "Indian Masterminds: NTPC MoU addendum (Amba, Kumbhe)", "date": "2026-04-29" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 decisions", "outletId": "sandrp" }],
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "ambegaon-renew",
      "name": { "en": "Ambegaon PSP", "mr": "आंबेगाव PSP" },
      "developer": "ReNew",
      "capacityMW": 600,
      "districts": ["Pune"], "talukas": ["Ambegaon"], "villages": ["Kanase", "Mahalunge Tarf Ghoda", "Phulvade"],
      "coords": { "lat": 19.1028, "lng": 73.7625, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "open", "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 3.59, "totalLandHa": 69.41,
      "costCr": 2940.55,
      "status": "tor_granted", "statusAsOf": "2025-05-29",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary", "nameMr": "भीमाशंकर वन्यजीव अभयारण्य", "distanceKm": 16, "evidence": "official_claim" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Off-stream open loop, 600 MW (2 × 200 + 2 × 100 MW), 3.60 GWh a day. The existing Dimbhe dam is the lower reservoir; a new concrete-walled upper reservoir sits on a plateau at about 1,000 m near Chaptewadi Kanas. Coords are the upper reservoir. Land 69.41 ha: 3.59 ha forest (approach roads and water conductor), 65.82 ha non-forest; the 42.85 ha upper reservoir is all non-forest. Stage-I FC not yet applied for at ToR. EAC recommended ToR on 29 May 2025 (32nd meeting). The 10 km area is 54.88% Scheduled Tribe (Thakar, Mahadev Koli). MoU 3 Sep 2024.", "mr": "Off-stream open loop, 600 MW (2 × 200 + 2 × 100 MW), दिवसाला 3.60 GWh. अस्तित्वातील डिंभे धरण हा खालचा जलाशय; चापटेवाडी कानसजवळ सुमारे 1,000 m उंचीवरील पठारावर काँक्रीट भिंतींचा नवा वरचा जलाशय. निर्देशांक वरच्या जलाशयाचे. जमीन 69.41 ha: 3.59 ha जंगल (पोहोच रस्ते आणि जलवाहिनी), 65.82 ha वनेतर; 42.85 ha चा वरचा जलाशय पूर्ण वनेतर. ToR वेळी Stage-I FC साठी अर्ज केलेला नव्हता. EAC ने 29 मे 2025 रोजी (32 वी बैठक) ToR ची शिफारस केली. 10 km परिसरात 54.88% अनुसूचित जमाती (ठाकर, महादेव कोळी). MoU 3 सप्टेंबर 2024." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/129522312_1749460422964.pdf", "title": "EAC 32nd meeting minutes, 29 May 2025 (Ambegaon ToR, item 32.5)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-05-29" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 decisions", "outletId": "sandrp" },
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/eac-reviews-hydro-and-pumped-storage-projects-worth-over-rs-37500-crore/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC 32nd meeting (Ambegaon ToR)", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2025-07-03" }
      ],
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "savitri-nhpc",
      "name": { "en": "Savitri PSP", "mr": "सावित्री PSP" },
      "developer": "NHPC",
      "capacityMW": 2400,
      "districts": ["Raigad", "Satara"],
      "talukas": [],
      "villages": ["Javali", "Dare", "Haroshi", "Karanje"],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 55.64,
      "totalLandHa": 310.76,
      "costCr": 11826,
      "mouDate": "2023-06",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-03-11",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "ToR deferred 10 Dec 2025 pending an NOC under the Mahabaleshwar–Panchgani ESZ notification; granted at the EAC's 48th meeting (reported Mar 2026). 55.64 ha of forest. Upper dam on the Koyna near Mahabaleshwar lies inside the ESZ; parts of the powerhouse and roads are in the Raigad Conservation Reserve; the whole area is in the draft Western Ghats ESA.", "mr": "महाबळेश्वर–पाचगणी ESZ अधिसूचनेनुसार NOC मिळेपर्यंत 10 डिसेंबर 2025 रोजी ToR पुढे ढकलले; EAC च्या 48 व्या बैठकीत मंजूर (मार्च 2026 चा वृत्तांत). 55.64 ha जंगल. महाबळेश्वरजवळ कोयनेवरील वरचे धरण ESZ च्या आत आहे; वीजघर आणि रस्त्यांचे काही भाग रायगड संवर्धन राखीव क्षेत्रात आहेत; संपूर्ण क्षेत्र मसुदा पश्चिम घाट ESA मध्ये आहे." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/nhpcs-2400-mw-savitri-pumped-storage-project-gets-tor-clearance/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: NHPC's 2,400 MW Savitri PSP gets ToR", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-03-11" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 decisions", "outletId": "sandrp" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1220246007_1772012452899.pdf", "title": "EAC 48th meeting minutes, 12 Feb 2026 (Savitri ToR, item 48.3)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-02-12" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "status", "values": [{ "value": "tor_granted (Mar 2026)", "valueMr": "ToR मंजूर (मार्च 2026)", "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/nhpcs-2400-mw-savitri-pumped-storage-project-gets-tor-clearance/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: NHPC's 2,400 MW Savitri PSP gets ToR", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-03-11" } }, { "value": "ToR applied", "valueMr": "ToR साठी अर्ज", "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" } }], "note": "Annexure 1 still lists ToR as applied for; likely compiled before the Mar 2026 ToR.", "noteMr": "Annexure 1 मध्ये अजूनही ToR साठी अर्ज केल्याचे दाखवले आहे; बहुधा ते मार्च 2026 च्या ToR पूर्वी तयार केलेले असावे." }
      ],
      "coords": { "lat": 17.9464, "lng": 73.6205, "precision": "exact" },
      "storageGWh": 15.072
    },
    {
      "id": "kamod-meil",
      "name": { "en": "Kamod PSP", "mr": "कामोद PSP" },
      "developer": "Megha Engineering & Infrastructures",
      "capacityMW": 2000,
      "districts": ["Nandurbar", "Dhule"],
      "talukas": [],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": false,
      "mouDate": "2024-09-26",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2025-03-12",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Off-Ghats, off-stream closed loop: an example of alternative siting. ToR application withdrawn 29 Jan 2025 after parameters changed; approved 12 Mar 2025 (SANDRP). Annexure 1 lists it at ToR stage in Dhule and Nandurbar. EAC 26th minutes (item 26.1): 395.23 ha = 302.29 ha forest (76%) + 92.94 ha non-forest; 12,000 MWh; outside the Western Ghats ESA.", "mr": "घाटाबाहेरचा off-stream closed loop: पर्यायी जागेचे उदाहरण. मापदंड बदलल्याने 29 जानेवारी 2025 रोजी ToR अर्ज मागे घेतला; 12 मार्च 2025 रोजी मंजूर (SANDRP). Annexure 1 मध्ये धुळे आणि नंदुरबारमध्ये ToR टप्प्यावर नमूद. EAC चे 26 वे इतिवृत्त (बाब 26.1): 395.23 ha = 302.29 ha जंगल (76%) + 92.94 ha वनेतर; 12,000 MWh; पश्चिम घाट ESA बाहेर." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/meil-signs-mou-with-maharashtra-government-to-develop-4000mw-pumped-storage-projects/", "title": "MEIL MoU for 4,000 MW", "outletId": "water-power-magazine" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 env & forest clearance decisions", "outletId": "sandrp", "date": "2026-01-20" },
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/123163650_1742806696587.pdf", "title": "EAC 26th meeting minutes, 12 Mar 2025 (Kamod ToR, item 26.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-03-12" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "totalLandHa": 395.23,
      "forestHa": 302.29,
      "coords": { "lat": 21.0791, "lng": 73.9518, "precision": "exact" },
      "storageGWh": 12
    },
    {
      "id": "chikhaldara",
      "name": { "en": "Adnadi PSP (Chikhaldara)", "mr": "अदनदी PSP (चिखलदरा)" },
      "developer": "Adani Hydro Energy Ten",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "districts": ["Amravati"],
      "talukas": ["Chikhaldara"],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": false,
      "costCr": 8250,
      "mouDate": "2025-07-15",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2025-10-31",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Satpura range, Melghat region: outside the Ghats but in another sensitive landscape. MoU 15 Jul 2025 (Chikhaldara, ₹8,250 cr); EAC recommended ToR for the 'Adnadi Close Loop PSP' of the same developer on 31 Oct 2025 (240.61 ha). Annexure 1 lists Adnadi at ToR stage. EAC 42nd minutes (item 42.1): 240.61 ha = 163.77 ha forest + 76.84 ha non-forest; 9,000 MWh. Near Melghat Tiger Reserve; outside its ESZ (notified 27 Dec 2016); EAC asked for the Chief Wildlife Warden's opinion.", "mr": "सातपुडा पर्वतरांग, मेळघाट प्रदेश: घाटाबाहेर, पण दुसऱ्या संवेदनशील भूप्रदेशात. MoU 15 जुलै 2025 (चिखलदरा, ₹8,250 कोटी); त्याच विकासकाच्या 'Adnadi Close Loop PSP' साठी EAC ने 31 ऑक्टोबर 2025 रोजी ToR ची शिफारस केली (240.61 ha). Annexure 1 मध्ये अदनदी ToR टप्प्यावर. EAC चे 42 वे इतिवृत्त (बाब 42.1): 240.61 ha = 163.77 ha जंगल + 76.84 ha वनेतर; 9,000 MWh. मेळघाट व्याघ्र प्रकल्पाजवळ; त्याच्या ESZ बाहेर (27 डिसेंबर 2016 रोजी अधिसूचित); EAC ने मुख्य वन्यजीव रक्षकांचे मत मागितले." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.angelone.in/news/market-updates/31-955-crore-deal-maharashtra-seals-green-power-agreement-with-private-firms", "title": "₹31,955 cr PSP MoUs, Jul 2025" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 env & forest clearance decisions", "outletId": "sandrp", "date": "2026-01-20" },
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/308391178_1762775457555.pdf", "title": "EAC 42nd meeting minutes, 31 Oct 2025 (Adnadi ToR, item 42.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2025-10-31" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "totalLandHa": 240.61,
      "forestHa": 163.77,
      "coords": { "lat": 21.4062, "lng": 77.3927, "precision": "exact" },
      "storageGWh": 9
    },
    {
      "id": "ntpc-amba",
      "name": { "en": "Amba PSP", "mr": "आंबा PSP" },
      "developer": "NTPC",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Raigad"],
      "talukas": ["Mawal", "Sudhagad"],
      "villages": ["Gevhande Apati", "Bheliv"],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "totalLandHa": 272.21,
      "mouDate": "2024-09-03",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-05-22",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC recommended ToR at its 53rd meeting (29–30 Apr 2026) for 1,500 MW on 272.21 ha. All project components are in the proposed Western Ghats ESA (reported). The EAC asked for a cumulative impact assessment of nearby projects and told NTPC to revise its MoU from 800 to 1,500 MW, which the 29 Apr 2026 addendum did. Forest area not reported; needs the ToR minutes. Primary record (EAC 53rd minutes, item 53.3, proposal IA/MH/RIV/575297/2026): 272.21 ha = 112.56 ha forest + 159.65 ha non-forest; upper reservoir submergence 35.99 ha, all forest. Peaking 5 h 57 min a day, so storage is about 8.9 GWh (our estimate: 1,500 MW × 5.95 h). Upper dam 101 m high on a seasonal nala draining to Pawana lake; lower dam on the Sayali nala (Amba basin). ToR letter 22 May 2026. An EAC sub-committee visited 18–20 Jun 2026, before the monsoon, and called the site 'appropriate', citing sparse dry-deciduous vegetation and cactus; the EAC accepted the report on 15 Jul 2026. The upper reservoir is about 1.5 km from the upper reservoir of Avaada's Pawana Falyan project.", "mr": "EAC ने आपल्या 53 व्या बैठकीत (29–30 एप्रिल 2026) 272.21 ha वरील 1,500 MW साठी ToR ची शिफारस केली. प्रकल्पाचे सर्व घटक प्रस्तावित पश्चिम घाट ESA मध्ये आहेत (वृत्तांत). EAC ने जवळपासच्या प्रकल्पांचे एकत्रित परिणाम मूल्यांकन मागितले आणि NTPC ला MoU 800 वरून 1,500 MW करण्यास सांगितले, जे 29 एप्रिल 2026 च्या पुरवणी कराराने झाले. वनक्षेत्राचा वृत्तांत नाही; त्यासाठी ToR इतिवृत्त हवे. मूळ नोंद (EAC चे 53 वे इतिवृत्त, बाब 53.3, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/575297/2026): 272.21 ha = 112.56 ha जंगल + 159.65 ha वनेतर; वरच्या जलाशयाचे बुडित क्षेत्र 35.99 ha, सर्व जंगल. रोज 5 तास 57 मिनिटे पीक वीजनिर्मिती, म्हणून साठवण सुमारे 8.9 GWh (या साइटचा अंदाज: 1,500 MW × 5.95 तास). पवना तलावात जाणाऱ्या हंगामी नाल्यावर 101 m उंच वरचे धरण; सायली नाल्यावर (आंबा खोरे) खालचे धरण. ToR पत्र 22 मे 2026. EAC उपसमितीने 18–20 जून 2026 रोजी, पावसाळ्यापूर्वी, पाहणी करून विरळ शुष्क-पानगळी वनस्पती आणि निवडुंगाचा हवाला देत जागा 'योग्य' म्हटली; EAC ने 15 जुलै 2026 रोजी अहवाल स्वीकारला. वरचा जलाशय Avaada च्या पवना फळ्याण प्रकल्पाच्या वरच्या जलाशयापासून सुमारे 1.5 km वर आहे." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/eac-tor-hydro-pumped-storage-projects-india/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC 53rd meeting, ToR for Amba and Aruna", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-05-08" },
        { "url": "https://indianmasterminds.com/news/ntpc-maharashtra-psp-capacity-expansion-2600mw-200975/", "title": "Indian Masterminds: NTPC and Maharashtra sign MoU addendum for Amba and Kumbhe", "date": "2026-04-29" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1226853020_1778155785133.pdf", "title": "EAC 53rd meeting minutes, 29–30 Apr 2026 (Amba ToR, item 53.3)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-30" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1236788986_1785321627082.pdf", "title": "EAC 58th meeting minutes, 15 Jul 2026 (item 58.6, site-visit reports)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-15" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "capacityMW", "values": [{ "value": 800, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://indianmasterminds.com/news/ntpc-maharashtra-psp-capacity-expansion-2600mw-200975/", "title": "Indian Masterminds: NTPC and Maharashtra sign MoU addendum for Amba and Kumbhe", "date": "2026-04-29" } }, { "value": 1500, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/eac-tor-hydro-pumped-storage-projects-india/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC 53rd meeting, ToR for Amba and Aruna", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-05-08" } }], "note": "800 MW was the 3 Sep 2024 MoU figure; the 29 Apr 2026 addendum and the ToR are for 1,500 MW.", "noteMr": "800 MW हा 3 सप्टेंबर 2024 च्या MoU मधील आकडा; 29 एप्रिल 2026 चा पुरवणी करार आणि ToR 1,500 MW साठी आहेत." }
      ],
      "forestHa": 112.56,
      "coords": { "lat": 18.7031, "lng": 73.4084, "precision": "exact" },
      "storageGWh": 8.93,
      "storageIsEstimate": true,
      "costCr": 7294.88
    },
    {
      "id": "thdc-aruna",
      "name": { "en": "Aruna PSP", "mr": "अरुणा PSP" },
      "developer": "THDC India",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "districts": ["Kolhapur", "Sindhudurg"],
      "talukas": ["Gaganbawada", "Vaibhavwadi"],
      "villages": ["Vesaraf", "Mounde"],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "costCr": 9126.1,
      "mouDate": "2024-09-04",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-04-30",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC recommended ToR at its 53rd meeting (29–30 Apr 2026). The upper reservoir is reported to fall inside the Gaganbawada Conservation Reserve and the project villages in the proposed Western Ghats ESA. THDC must revise the MoU from 1,950 MW to 1,500 MW. Total and forest area not reported; needs the ToR minutes. Primary record (EAC 53rd minutes, item 53.5, proposal IA/MH/RIV/574543/2026): 334.45 ha = 73.60 ha forest + 260.85 ha non-forest. Upper dam near Vesaraf (Gaganbawada, Kolhapur) on a Kumbhi tributary; lower dam near Mounde (Vaibhavwadi, Sindhudurg) on an Aruna tributary. Six hours of generation a day (storage about 9 GWh, our estimate). The same minutes list total submergence of 127.81 ha with 117.81 ha forest, more than the 73.60 ha forest total: an internal inconsistency in the record.", "mr": "EAC ने आपल्या 53 व्या बैठकीत (29–30 एप्रिल 2026) ToR ची शिफारस केली. वृत्तांतानुसार वरचा जलाशय गगनबावडा संवर्धन राखीव क्षेत्रात आणि प्रकल्पाची गावे प्रस्तावित पश्चिम घाट ESA मध्ये येतात. THDC ला MoU 1,950 MW वरून 1,500 MW करावा लागेल. एकूण आणि वनक्षेत्राचा वृत्तांत नाही; त्यासाठी ToR इतिवृत्त हवे. मूळ नोंद (EAC चे 53 वे इतिवृत्त, बाब 53.5, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/574543/2026): 334.45 ha = 73.60 ha जंगल + 260.85 ha वनेतर. वेसरफजवळ (गगनबावडा, कोल्हापूर) कुंभीच्या उपनदीवर वरचे धरण; मौंदेजवळ (वैभववाडी, सिंधुदुर्ग) अरुणेच्या उपनदीवर खालचे धरण. दिवसाला सहा तास वीजनिर्मिती (साठवण सुमारे 9 GWh, या साइटचा अंदाज). त्याच इतिवृत्तात एकूण बुडित क्षेत्र 127.81 ha आणि त्यात 117.81 ha जंगल दिले आहे, जे एकूण 73.60 ha जंगलापेक्षा जास्त आहे: नोंदीतील अंतर्गत विसंगती." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/eac-tor-hydro-pumped-storage-projects-india/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC 53rd meeting, ToR for Amba and Aruna", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-05-08" },
        { "url": "https://renewablewatch.in/2024/09/04/thdc-inks-mou-with-maharashtra-government-for-pumped-storage-projects-for-rs-336-billion/", "title": "Renewable Watch: THDC MoU for six PSPs (6,790 MW)", "outletId": "renewable-watch", "date": "2024-09-04" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1226853020_1778155785133.pdf", "title": "EAC 53rd meeting minutes, 29–30 Apr 2026 (Aruna ToR, item 53.5)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-30" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "capacityMW", "values": [{ "value": 1950, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://renewablewatch.in/2024/09/04/thdc-inks-mou-with-maharashtra-government-for-pumped-storage-projects-for-rs-336-billion/", "title": "Renewable Watch: THDC MoU for six PSPs (6,790 MW)", "outletId": "renewable-watch", "date": "2024-09-04" } }, { "value": 1500, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/eac-tor-hydro-pumped-storage-projects-india/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC 53rd meeting, ToR for Amba and Aruna", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-05-08" } }], "note": "1,950 MW was the Sep 2024 MoU figure; the ToR is for 1,500 MW.", "noteMr": "1,950 MW हा सप्टेंबर 2024 च्या MoU मधील आकडा; ToR 1,500 MW साठी आहे." },
        { "field": "forestHa", "values": [{ "value": 73.6, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1226853020_1778155785133.pdf", "title": "EAC 53rd meeting minutes, 29–30 Apr 2026 (Aruna ToR, item 53.5)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-30" } }, { "value": 117.81, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1226853020_1778155785133.pdf", "title": "EAC 53rd meeting minutes, 29–30 Apr 2026 (Aruna ToR, item 53.5)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-30" } }], "note": "73.60 ha is the project's forest land total; 117.81 ha is the forest share of submergence in the same minutes. Submergence forest cannot exceed total forest, so one figure is wrong.", "noteMr": "73.60 ha ही प्रकल्पाची एकूण वनजमीन; 117.81 ha हा त्याच इतिवृत्तातील बुडित क्षेत्रातील जंगलाचा वाटा. बुडित क्षेत्रातील जंगल एकूण जंगलापेक्षा जास्त असू शकत नाही, म्हणजे एक आकडा चुकीचा आहे." }
      ],
      "forestHa": 73.6,
      "totalLandHa": 334.45,
      "coords": { "lat": 16.5944, "lng": 73.8554, "precision": "exact" },
      "storageGWh": 9,
      "storageIsEstimate": true
    },
    {
      "id": "torrent-pen",
      "name": { "en": "PEN Off-Stream PSP", "mr": "पेण Off-Stream PSP" },
      "developer": "Torrent Energy Storage Solutions Pvt Ltd (Torrent Power)",
      "capacityMW": 1400,
      "districts": ["Raigad"],
      "talukas": ["Pen"],
      "villages": ["Jirne", "Kurnad", "Panchgani", "Mahalmirya Dongar"],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 206,
      "totalLandHa": 294,
      "costCr": 7451.93,
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-07-30",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC recommended ToR at its 59th meeting (30 Jul 2026, item 59.5, proposal IA/MH/RIV/585718/2026; reported 18 Aug 2026) for 1,400 MW on 294 ha, of which 206 ha is forest (70%). Listed on the agenda as a closed loop but appraised as open loop; the EAC asked for e-flows and a cumulative assessment of the Nigade river basin, and a Stage-I FC application. Not the same project as JSW's Pane PSP. Storage GWh not yet found. EAC 59th minutes (item 59.5): 294 ha = 206 ha forest + 88 ha non-forest; Karnala WLS is the nearest protected area, project outside its ESZ.", "mr": "EAC ने आपल्या 59 व्या बैठकीत (30 जुलै 2026, बाब 59.5, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/585718/2026; 18 ऑगस्ट 2026 चा वृत्तांत) 294 ha वरील 1,400 MW साठी ToR ची शिफारस केली, त्यापैकी 206 ha जंगल (70%). विषयपत्रात closed loop म्हणून नमूद, पण मूल्यांकन open loop म्हणून; EAC ने e-flows, निगडे नदीखोऱ्याचे एकत्रित मूल्यांकन आणि Stage-I FC अर्ज मागितला. हा JSW चा पाणे PSP नव्हे. साठवण (GWh) अद्याप आढळली नाही. EAC चे 59 वे इतिवृत्त (बाब 59.5): 294 ha = 206 ha जंगल + 88 ha वनेतर; कर्नाळा अभयारण्य हे सर्वात जवळचे संरक्षित क्षेत्र, प्रकल्प त्याच्या ESZ बाहेर." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1235877788_1784608889479.pdf", "title": "EAC 59th meeting agenda, 30 Jul 2026 (item 59.5)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-21" },
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/eac-2640mw-psp-projects-maharashtra-up/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC recommends ToR for Tilari, PEN and Kalu Patti", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-08-18" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1238060688_1786512920874.pdf", "title": "EAC 59th meeting minutes, 30 Jul 2026 (PEN ToR, item 59.5)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-30" }
      ],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.671, "lng": 73.1475, "precision": "exact" },
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "tilari-warana",
      "name": { "en": "Tilari PSP", "mr": "तिलारी PSP" },
      "developer": "Shree Tatyasaheb Kore Warana Sahakari Navshakti Nirman Sanstha Ltd",
      "capacityMW": 240,
      "districts": ["Kolhapur"],
      "talukas": ["Chandgad"],
      "villages": ["Kodali"],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 30.241,
      "totalLandHa": 45.741,
      "costCr": 1386.7,
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-07-30",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC recommended ToR at its 59th meeting (30 Jul 2026, item 59.1, proposal IA/MH/RIV/583875/2026; reported 18 Aug 2026) for an off-stream closed loop of 240 MW on 45.741 ha, of which 30.241 ha is forest (66%). Likely the 'Warana' MoU in the gap list. Kodali is in the Tilari forest belt; whether the site touches the Tilari Conservation Reserve is not yet checked.", "mr": "EAC ने आपल्या 59 व्या बैठकीत (30 जुलै 2026, बाब 59.1, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/583875/2026; 18 ऑगस्ट 2026 चा वृत्तांत) 45.741 ha वरील 240 MW च्या off-stream closed loop साठी ToR ची शिफारस केली, त्यापैकी 30.241 ha जंगल (66%). बहुधा उणिवांच्या यादीतील 'Warana' MoU. कोदाळी तिलारी वनपट्ट्यात आहे; जागा तिलारी संवर्धन राखीव क्षेत्राला लागून आहे का, हे अद्याप तपासलेले नाही." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1235877788_1784608889479.pdf", "title": "EAC 59th meeting agenda, 30 Jul 2026 (item 59.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-21" },
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/eac-2640mw-psp-projects-maharashtra-up/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC recommends ToR for Tilari, PEN and Kalu Patti", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-08-18" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1238060688_1786512920874.pdf", "title": "EAC 59th meeting minutes, 30 Jul 2026 (Tilari ToR, item 59.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-30" }
      ],
      "coords": { "lat": 15.8022, "lng": 74.1828, "precision": "exact" },
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "avaada-pawana-falyan",
      "name": { "en": "Pawana Falyan PSP", "mr": "पवना फळ्याण PSP" },
      "developer": "Avaada Aqua Batteries Pvt Ltd (Avaada Group)",
      "capacityMW": 2400,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Raigad"],
      "talukas": ["Mawal", "Sudhagad"],
      "villages": ["Kurvande", "Falyan"],
      "loop": "unknown",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "mouDate": "2025-04-29",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2024-09-13",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "First MoU Aug 2024 at 1,500 MW, raised to 2,400 MW in the Apr 2025 MoU (with the 1,200 MW Sirsala project). Annexure 1 lists Pawana Falyan (Avaada Hydropower Battery Pvt Ltd, Pune and Raigad) at 1,500 MW with ToR granted, which supports the earlier Power Peak Digest report of ToR on 13 Sep 2024. The ToR is for the 1,500 MW layout. EAC 15th minutes (item 15.1, proposal IA/MH/RIV/470300/2024): ToR for 1,500 MW closed loop on 204 ha, about 63% (129 ha) forest. The minutes give the upper reservoir longitude two ways (73°23'39.2\" and 73°23'29.2\"), so coords are approx.", "mr": "पहिला MoU ऑगस्ट 2024 मध्ये 1,500 MW साठी, एप्रिल 2025 च्या MoU मध्ये (1,200 MW च्या सिरसाळा प्रकल्पासह) 2,400 MW. Annexure 1 मध्ये पवना फळ्याण (Avaada Hydropower Battery Pvt Ltd, पुणे आणि रायगड) 1,500 MW, ToR मंजूर असे नमूद आहे, जे 13 सप्टेंबर 2024 रोजी ToR मिळाल्याच्या Power Peak Digest च्या आधीच्या वृत्तांताला दुजोरा देते. ToR 1,500 MW च्या आराखड्यासाठी आहे. EAC चे 15 वे इतिवृत्त (बाब 15.1, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/470300/2024): 204 ha वरील 1,500 MW closed loop साठी ToR, सुमारे 63% (129 ha) जंगल. इतिवृत्तात वरच्या जलाशयाचे रेखांश दोन प्रकारे दिले आहेत (73°23'39.2\" आणि 73°23'29.2\"), म्हणून निर्देशांक अंदाजे." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://renewablewatch.in/2025/04/30/avaada-inks-mou-with-maharashtra-government-for-3-65-gw-pshps/", "title": "Renewable Watch: Avaada MoU for 3.65 GW", "outletId": "renewable-watch", "date": "2025-04-30" },
        { "url": "https://powerline.net.in/2024/08/14/avaada-group-signs-mou-with-maharashtra-government-for-two-2750-mw-psps/", "title": "Power Line: Avaada MoU for two PSPs (2,750 MW)", "outletId": "powerline", "date": "2024-08-14" },
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/105841012_1727372935575.pdf", "title": "EAC 15th meeting minutes, 13 Sep 2024 (Pawana Falyan ToR, item 15.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2024-09-13" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "capacityMW", "values": [{ "value": 1500, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://powerline.net.in/2024/08/14/avaada-group-signs-mou-with-maharashtra-government-for-two-2750-mw-psps/", "title": "Power Line: Avaada MoU for two PSPs (2,750 MW)", "outletId": "powerline", "date": "2024-08-14" } }, { "value": 2400, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://renewablewatch.in/2025/04/30/avaada-inks-mou-with-maharashtra-government-for-3-65-gw-pshps/", "title": "Renewable Watch: Avaada MoU for 3.65 GW", "outletId": "renewable-watch", "date": "2025-04-30" } }, { "value": 1500, "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" } }], "note": "Capacity raised between the Aug 2024 and Apr 2025 MoUs; the ToR (Sep 2024, per Annexure 1) is for 1,500 MW.", "noteMr": "ऑगस्ट 2024 आणि एप्रिल 2025 च्या MoU दरम्यान क्षमता वाढवली; ToR (सप्टेंबर 2024, Annexure 1 नुसार) 1,500 MW साठी आहे." }
      ],
      "forestHa": 129,
      "totalLandHa": 204,
      "coords": { "lat": 18.7036, "lng": 73.3942, "precision": "approx" }
    },
    {
      "id": "renew-kalamb-thakurwadi",
      "name": { "en": "Kalamb Thakurwadi PSP", "mr": "कळंब ठाकूरवाडी PSP" },
      "developer": "ReNew Solar Power Pvt Ltd",
      "capacityMW": 1000,
      "districts": ["Pune"],
      "talukas": ["Mulshi"],
      "villages": ["Ambavane"],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "status": "tor_applied",
      "statusAsOf": "2024-01-23",
      "confidence": "unverified",
      "notes": { "en": "Annexure 1 lists it in Pune district with ToR applied for. A CEA table (Mar 2026, seen only as a search snippet) lists Kalamb Thakurwadi in Raigad as a closed-loop site of about 1,000 MW. District and loop type need the ToR application. EAC 6th meeting minutes (23 Jan 2024, item 6.3, proposal IA/MH/RIV/456439/2023): 1,000 MW closed loop on 157 ha at Ambavane, Mulshi, Pune, by ReNew Solar Power. ReNew asked for deferment to 'verify and validate' information and the EAC returned the proposal. No forest figure in the minutes.", "mr": "Annexure 1 मध्ये पुणे जिल्ह्यात, ToR साठी अर्ज केलेला असे नमूद. CEA च्या एका तक्त्यात (मार्च 2026, फक्त शोध-अंशात पाहिलेला) कळंब ठाकूरवाडी रायगडमध्ये सुमारे 1,000 MW ची closed-loop जागा म्हणून नमूद. जिल्हा आणि loop प्रकार निश्चित करण्यासाठी ToR अर्ज हवा. EAC च्या 6 व्या बैठकीचे इतिवृत्त (23 जानेवारी 2024, बाब 6.3, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/456439/2023): ReNew Solar Power चा आंबवणे, मुळशी, पुणे येथील 157 ha वरील 1,000 MW closed loop. माहिती 'पडताळण्यासाठी' ReNew ने मुदत मागितली आणि EAC ने प्रस्ताव परत केला. इतिवृत्तात जंगलाचा आकडा नाही." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://cea.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/pumpedstorage/2026/03/PSP_Potential_2.pdf", "title": "CEA: PSP potential and status, Mar 2026 (seen as search snippet; file returns 404)", "outletId": "cea" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/43401834_1706856164300.pdf", "title": "EAC 6th meeting minutes, 23 Jan 2024 (Kalamb Thakurwadi, item 6.3)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2024-01-23" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "districts", "values": [{ "value": "Pune", "evidence": "reported", "ref": { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" } }, { "value": "Raigad", "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://cea.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/pumpedstorage/2026/03/PSP_Potential_2.pdf", "title": "CEA: PSP potential and status, Mar 2026 (seen as search snippet; file returns 404)", "outletId": "cea" } }] }
      ],
      "totalLandHa": 157
    },
    {
      "id": "rithwik-kolhapur",
      "name": { "en": "Kolhapur PSP (Chandgad)", "mr": "कोल्हापूर PSP (चंदगड)" },
      "developer": "Rithwik Kolhapur PSP Pvt Ltd (Rithwik Projects)",
      "capacityMW": 1200,
      "districts": ["Kolhapur"],
      "talukas": ["Chandgad"],
      "villages": ["Dhamapura", "Kanur Bk"],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "costCr": 7405,
      "mouDate": "2025-07-15",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2023-03-27",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "MoU 15 Jul 2025 for 1,200 MW at Chandgad, ₹7,405 cr. Annexure 1 lists it with ToR granted; no ToR date or land figures found yet. Same taluka as the Tilari PSP; check they are separate sites. EAC 44th minutes of 27 Mar 2023 (item 44.12, proposal IA/MH/RIV/422207/2023): 'Kolhapur Off-Stream Closed Loop PSP', 1,200 MW on 390.95 ha with 55.09 ha forest, villages Dhamapura and Kanur Bk. So the ToR predates the Jul 2025 MoU by two years. Upper reservoir about 14 km from the Tilari PSP site: separate projects.", "mr": "चंदगड येथे 1,200 MW साठी MoU 15 जुलै 2025, ₹7,405 कोटी. Annexure 1 मध्ये ToR मंजूर असे नमूद; ToR ची तारीख किंवा जमिनीचे आकडे अद्याप आढळले नाहीत. तिलारी PSP चाच तालुका; दोन्ही वेगळ्या जागा आहेत का ते तपासा. 27 मार्च 2023 चे EAC चे 44 वे इतिवृत्त (बाब 44.12, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/422207/2023): 'Kolhapur Off-Stream Closed Loop PSP', 390.95 ha वर 1,200 MW, त्यात 55.09 ha जंगल, गावे धामापूर आणि कानूर बुद्रुक. म्हणजे ToR जुलै 2025 च्या MoU पेक्षा दोन वर्षे आधीचे आहे. वरचा जलाशय तिलारी PSP च्या जागेपासून सुमारे 14 km वर: वेगवेगळे प्रकल्प." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/business/2025/07/15/bom30-mh-energy-projects-mou.html", "title": "The Week (PTI): Maharashtra signs MoUs for 4 PSPs worth ₹31,955 cr", "outletId": "the-week", "date": "2025-07-15" },
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/4882377_1682667583549.pdf", "title": "EAC 44th meeting minutes, 27 Mar 2023 (Kolhapur closed-loop PSP ToR, item 44.12)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2023-03-27" }
      ],
      "forestHa": 55.09,
      "totalLandHa": 390.95,
      "coords": { "lat": 16.0134, "lng": 74.1015, "precision": "exact" },
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "waterfront-lanja",
      "name": {"en": "Lanja PSP", "mr": "लांजा PSP"},
      "developer": "Waterfront Construction Pvt Ltd",
      "capacityMW": 1750,
      "districts": ["Ratnagiri"],
      "talukas": ["Lanja"],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "unknown",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "costCr": 6700,
      "mouDate": "2025-07-15",
      "status": "mou",
      "statusAsOf": "2025-07-15",
      "confidence": "unverified",
      "notes": {"en": "MoU 15 Jul 2025, ₹6,700 cr. Not in Annexure 1. Lanja is on the Konkan side of the Sahyadri; whether the site is on the Ghats slopes is not yet checked.", "mr": "MoU 15 जुलै 2025, ₹6,700 कोटी. Annexure 1 मध्ये नाही. लांजा सह्याद्रीच्या कोकण बाजूला आहे; जागा घाटाच्या उतारांवर आहे का, हे अद्याप तपासलेले नाही."},
      "refs": [{"url": "https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/business/2025/07/15/bom30-mh-energy-projects-mou.html", "title": "The Week (PTI): Maharashtra signs MoUs for 4 PSPs worth ₹31,955 cr", "outletId": "the-week", "date": "2025-07-15"}]
    },
    {
      "id": "greenko-nayagaon",
      "name": {"en": "Nayagaon PSP (Soygaon)", "mr": "नायगाव PSP (सोयगाव)"},
      "developer": "Greenko (Greenko MH-01 IREP Pvt Ltd)",
      "capacityMW": 2000,
      "districts": ["Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar"],
      "talukas": ["Soygaon"],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": false,
      "forestHa": 297.38,
      "totalLandHa": 530.4,
      "storageGWh": 12.74,
      "coords": {"lat": 20.4549, "lng": 75.3627, "precision": "exact"},
      "costCr": 9600,
      "mouDate": "2025-07-15",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-05-08",
      "nearestProtectedArea": {"name": "Gautala Autramghat WLS", "nameMr": "गौताळा औट्रमघाट अभयारण्य", "distanceKm": 11.5, "evidence": "documented"},
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": {"en": "EAC 54th meeting (8 May 2026, item 54.3) recommended a fresh ToR for 2,000 MW / 12,740 MWh, off-stream closed loop, on 530.4 ha of which 297.38 ha (56%) is forest, in Soegaon, Sillod, Kannad and Phulambri talukas. The same file (J-12011/04/2020) got a ToR on 13 Apr 2020 after the 31st EAC meeting (5 Mar 2020); that is the expired ToR in Annexure 1, so Nayagaon and the Soygaon MoU are one project. The EAC asked Greenko to explore reducing the forest land. Coordinates are the upper reservoir.", "mr": "EAC च्या 54 व्या बैठकीत (8 मे 2026, बाब 54.3) सोयगाव, सिल्लोड, कन्नड आणि फुलंब्री तालुक्यांतील 530.4 ha वरील 2,000 MW / 12,740 MWh च्या off-stream closed loop साठी नव्या ToR ची शिफारस; त्यापैकी 297.38 ha (56%) जंगल. याच फाइलला (J-12011/04/2020) EAC च्या 31 व्या बैठकीनंतर (5 मार्च 2020) 13 एप्रिल 2020 रोजी ToR मिळाले होते; तेच Annexure 1 मधील मुदत संपलेले ToR, म्हणजे नायगाव आणि सोयगाव MoU हा एकच प्रकल्प. EAC ने Greenko ला वनजमीन कमी करण्याचा विचार करण्यास सांगितले. निर्देशांक वरच्या जलाशयाचे."},
      "refs": [{"url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1228700138_1779444670670.pdf", "title": "EAC 54th meeting minutes, 8 May 2026 (item 54.3)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-05-08"},{"url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4"}, {"url": "https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/business/2025/07/15/bom30-mh-energy-projects-mou.html", "title": "The Week (PTI): Maharashtra signs MoUs for 4 PSPs worth ₹31,955 cr", "outletId": "the-week", "date": "2025-07-15"}]
    },
    {
      "id": "greenko-mhaismal",
      "name": {"en": "Mhaismal PSP", "mr": "म्हैसमाळ PSP"},
      "developer": "Greenko Energies Pvt Ltd",
      "capacityMW": 800,
      "districts": ["Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar"],
      "talukas": ["Khuldabad"],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "unknown",
      "inWesternGhats": false,
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2020-02-28",
      "confidence": "unverified",
      "notes": {"en": "Annexure 1 lists it with ToR granted. A CEA list (search snippet) gives ToR granted 28 Feb 2020 and no DPR received by CEA. A 2020 ToR would normally have lapsed by now unless extended; check.", "mr": "Annexure 1 मध्ये ToR मंजूर असे नमूद. CEA च्या एका यादीनुसार (शोध-अंश) ToR 28 फेब्रुवारी 2020 रोजी मंजूर, आणि CEA ला DPR मिळालेला नाही. मुदतवाढ नसेल तर 2020 चे ToR आतापर्यंत सहसा संपले असते; तपासा."},
      "refs": [{"url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4"}, {"url": "https://cea.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/pumpedstorage/2026/03/PSP_Potential_2.pdf", "title": "CEA: PSP potential and status, Mar 2026 (seen as search snippet; file returns 404)", "outletId": "cea"}]
    },
    {
      "id": "meil-ghosla",
      "name": { "en": "Ghosla PSP", "mr": "घोसला PSP" },
      "developer": "Megha Engineering & Infrastructures",
      "capacityMW": 2000,
      "districts": ["Jalgaon", "Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar"],
      "talukas": [],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "closed",
      "inWesternGhats": false,
      "totalLandHa": 383.03,
      "mouDate": "2024-09-26",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-06-29",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "Closed loop, Godavari basin, on 350 ha in Pachora, Sillod and Soegaon. ToR approved 29 Jan 2025 (SANDRP). MEIL applied to amend the ToR; taken up at the EAC 57th meeting (29 Jun 2026, item 57.7), outcome not yet read. Part of MEIL's 4,000 MW MoU with Kamod. EAC 57th minutes (item 57.7): ToR amendment recommended. Forest land rose from 29.50 ha (ToR, Feb 2025) to 65.35 ha after DFO and CF inspections (4 Dec 2025, 21 May 2026); storage 12,000 → 12,900 MWh.", "mr": "Closed loop, गोदावरी खोरे, पाचोरा, सिल्लोड आणि सोयगावमधील 350 ha वर. ToR 29 जानेवारी 2025 रोजी मंजूर (SANDRP). MEIL ने ToR सुधारणेसाठी अर्ज केला; EAC च्या 57 व्या बैठकीत (29 जून 2026, बाब 57.7) विचार, निकाल अद्याप वाचलेला नाही. कामोदसह MEIL च्या 4,000 MW MoU चा भाग. EAC चे 57 वे इतिवृत्त (बाब 57.7): ToR सुधारणेची शिफारस. उपवनसंरक्षक आणि वनसंरक्षकांच्या पाहणीनंतर (4 डिसेंबर 2025, 21 मे 2026) वनजमीन 29.50 ha (ToR, फेब्रुवारी 2025) वरून 65.35 ha झाली; साठवण 12,000 → 12,900 MWh." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1232739421_1781894034873.pdf", "title": "EAC 57th meeting agenda, 29 Jun 2026 (item 57.7)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-06-19" },
        { "url": "https://sandrp.in/2026/01/20/2025-env-forest-clearance-decisions-on-dams-hydro-irrigation-projects/", "title": "SANDRP: 2025 env & forest clearance decisions", "outletId": "sandrp", "date": "2026-01-20" },
        { "url": "https://www.waterpowermagazine.com/news/meil-signs-mou-with-maharashtra-government-to-develop-4000mw-pumped-storage-projects/", "title": "Water Power Magazine: MEIL MoU for 4,000 MW (Kamod, Ghosla)", "outletId": "water-power-magazine", "date": "2024-10-02" },
        { "url": "https://github.com/daredavil01/ghat-batteries/blob/main/docs/sources/maharashtra-psp-annexure-1.jpg", "title": "Annexure 1, 'Pumped storage projects in Maharashtra' (Marathi; source document not yet traced, via social media screenshot)", "date": "2026-10-27", "note": "Transcribed in docs/PHASE1_SOURCES_LOG.md §4" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1235021675_1783933754820.pdf", "title": "EAC 57th meeting minutes, 29 Jun 2026 (Ghosla ToR amendment, item 57.7)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-06-29" }
      ],
      "forestHa": 65.35,
      "coords": { "lat": 20.474, "lng": 75.421, "precision": "exact" },
      "storageGWh": 12.9,
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "gsc-panchmauli-devalipada",
      "name": {"en": "Panchmauli–Devalipada PSP", "mr": "पंचमौली–देवळीपाडा PSP"},
      "developer": "GSC PSP Maha Pvt Ltd (GSC Group)",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "districts": ["Dhule", "Nandurbar"],
      "talukas": [],
      "villages": [],
      "loop": "unknown",
      "inWesternGhats": false,
      "costCr": 8000,
      "mouDate": "2025-11-06",
      "status": "mou",
      "statusAsOf": "2025-11-06",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "notes": {"en": "Maharashtra's 51st PSP MoU, ₹8,000 cr. Reported water need: 19.29 TMC initial fill and 3.24 TMC a year. The north end of the Sahyadri reaches Dhule and Nandurbar; whether the site is on it is not yet checked. Not in Annexure 1.", "mr": "महाराष्ट्राचा 51 वा PSP MoU, ₹8,000 कोटी. वृत्तांतानुसार पाण्याची गरज: सुरुवातीला भरण्यासाठी 19.29 TMC आणि वर्षाला 3.24 TMC. सह्याद्रीचे उत्तर टोक धुळे आणि नंदुरबारपर्यंत पोहोचते; जागा त्यावर आहे का, हे अद्याप तपासलेले नाही. Annexure 1 मध्ये नाही."},
      "refs": [{"url": "https://renewablewatch.in/2025/11/06/maharashtra-government-and-gsc-psp-maha-ink-mou-for-1-5-gw-psp/", "title": "Renewable Watch: GSC PSP Maha MoU for 1.5 GW", "outletId": "renewable-watch", "date": "2025-11-06"}]
    },
    {
      "id": "thdc-humbarli-birmani",
      "name": { "en": "Humbarli Birmani PSP", "mr": "हुंबरळी बिरमणी PSP" },
      "developer": "THDC India",
      "capacityMW": 1500,
      "storageGWh": 9.255,
      "districts": ["Satara", "Ratnagiri"],
      "talukas": ["Mahabaleshwar", "Khed"],
      "villages": ["Hatlot", "Birmani"],
      "coords": { "lat": 17.8618, "lng": 73.6109, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 49.5,
      "totalLandHa": 334.82,
      "costCr": 8470.89,
      "mouDate": "2024-09-03",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-07-15",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Koyna WLS (Sahyadri Tiger Reserve core)", "nameMr": "कोयना अभयारण्य (सह्याद्री व्याघ्र प्रकल्पाचा गाभा)", "distanceKm": 8.82, "evidence": "documented" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC 52nd meeting (13 Apr 2026, item 52.2) deferred the ToR. The upper dam and intake at Hatlot fall inside the Mahabaleshwar–Panchgani Eco-Sensitive Zone (S.O. 52(E), 2001), which allows only non-polluting industry; hydel plants over 50 MW are CPCB 'red' category, so the EAC told THDC to get the ESZ monitoring committee's NOC first (applied 18 Feb 2026). Lower reservoir 3.3 km from the Sahyadri Tiger Reserve buffer; both villages in the draft Western Ghats ESA. WRD's original 400 MW site was inside the tiger reserve and was dropped. 334.82 ha, 49.50 ha forest; 1,500 MW / 9,255 MWh; muck 78.34 lakh m³. MoU of 3 Sep 2024 was for 1,000 MW. Coordinates are the upper reservoir. The Mahabaleshwar–Panchgani ESZ Monitoring Committee took up THDC's NoC request on 15 Apr 2026 and granted it on 6 Jul 2026; the EAC then recommended ToR on 15 Jul 2026 (58th, item 58.5). The ToR condition on Stage-I FC in those minutes reads '55.64 ha', which is Savitri's forest figure, not Humbarli's 49.50 ha.", "mr": "EAC च्या 52 व्या बैठकीत (13 एप्रिल 2026, बाब 52.2) ToR पुढे ढकलले. हातलोट येथील वरचे धरण आणि intake महाबळेश्वर–पाचगणी पर्यावरण-संवेदनशील क्षेत्रात (S.O. 52(E), 2001) येतात, जिथे फक्त प्रदूषण न करणाऱ्या उद्योगांना परवानगी आहे; 50 MW पेक्षा मोठी जलविद्युत केंद्रे CPCB च्या 'red' category मध्ये येतात, म्हणून EAC ने THDC ला आधी ESZ देखरेख समितीचे NOC घेण्यास सांगितले (अर्ज 18 फेब्रुवारी 2026). खालचा जलाशय सह्याद्री व्याघ्र प्रकल्पाच्या बफरपासून 3.3 km वर; दोन्ही गावे मसुदा पश्चिम घाट ESA मध्ये. जलसंपदा विभागाची मूळ 400 MW ची जागा व्याघ्र प्रकल्पाच्या आत होती, म्हणून वगळली. 334.82 ha, 49.50 ha जंगल; 1,500 MW / 9,255 MWh; राडारोडा 78.34 लाख m³. 3 सप्टेंबर 2024 चा MoU 1,000 MW साठी होता. निर्देशांक वरच्या जलाशयाचे. महाबळेश्वर–पाचगणी ESZ देखरेख समितीने 15 एप्रिल 2026 रोजी THDC च्या NoC विनंतीवर विचार केला आणि 6 जुलै 2026 रोजी ते दिले; त्यानंतर EAC ने 15 जुलै 2026 रोजी (58 वी बैठक, बाब 58.5) ToR ची शिफारस केली. त्या इतिवृत्तातील Stage-I FC ची अट '55.64 ha' अशी आहे, जो सावित्रीचा वन-आकडा आहे, हुंबरळीचा 49.50 ha नव्हे." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1225359238_1777007399745.pdf", "title": "EAC 52nd meeting minutes, 13 Apr 2026 (item 52.2)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-13" },
        { "url": "https://renewablewatch.in/2024/09/04/thdc-inks-mou-with-maharashtra-government-for-pumped-storage-projects-for-rs-336-billion/", "title": "Renewable Watch: THDC MoU for six PSPs (6,790 MW)", "outletId": "renewable-watch", "date": "2024-09-04" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1236788986_1785321627082.pdf", "title": "EAC 58th meeting minutes, 15 Jul 2026 (Humbarli Birmani ToR, item 58.5)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-15" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [
        { "field": "capacityMW", "values": [{ "value": 1000, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1225359238_1777007399745.pdf", "title": "EAC 52nd meeting minutes (MoU figure)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-13" } }, { "value": 1500, "evidence": "documented", "ref": { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1225359238_1777007399745.pdf", "title": "EAC 52nd meeting minutes (ToR proposal)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-13" } }], "note": "MoU amendment from 1,000 to 1,500 MW was in progress at the time of the ToR application.", "noteMr": "ToR अर्जाच्या वेळी MoU 1,000 वरून 1,500 MW करण्याची सुधारणा प्रक्रियेत होती." }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "thdc-aruna-kolamb",
      "name": { "en": "Aruna Kolamb PSP", "mr": "अरुणा कोळंब PSP" },
      "developer": "THDC India",
      "capacityMW": 1200,
      "storageGWh": 7.37,
      "storageIsEstimate": true,
      "districts": ["Kolhapur", "Ratnagiri"],
      "talukas": ["Panhala", "Rajapur"],
      "villages": ["Gothane", "Kolamb", "Kolik", "Varchiwadi"],
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 128.86,
      "totalLandHa": 383.09,
      "costCr": 7394.46,
      "mouDate": "2024-09-03",
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-03-27",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC 51st meeting (27 Mar 2026, item 51.6, proposal IA/MH/RIV/571916/2026) recommended ToR for 1,200 MW (4 × 300 MW) on 383.09 ha; 128.86 ha forest (34%) as reported. A site visit is required before EC. Project area is in the Western Ghats ESA (reported). Separate from THDC's Aruna PSP. Storage estimated as 1,200 MW × 6.14 h of daily generation; minutes not yet read.", "mr": "EAC च्या 51 व्या बैठकीत (27 मार्च 2026, बाब 51.6, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/571916/2026) 383.09 ha वरील 1,200 MW (4 × 300 MW) साठी ToR ची शिफारस; वृत्तांतानुसार 128.86 ha जंगल (34%). EC पूर्वी स्थळ पाहणी आवश्यक. प्रकल्प क्षेत्र पश्चिम घाट ESA मध्ये (वृत्तांत). THDC च्या अरुणा PSP पेक्षा वेगळा. साठवणीचा अंदाज 1,200 MW × रोज 6.14 तास वीजनिर्मिती; इतिवृत्त अद्याप वाचलेले नाही." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1222136644_1773911452442.pdf", "title": "EAC 51st meeting agenda, 27 Mar 2026 (item 51.6)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-03-19" },
        { "url": "https://powerpeakdigest.com/eac-backs-tor-for-3810-mw-hydro-and-psp-projects-across-six-states/", "title": "Power Peak Digest: EAC backs ToR for 3,810 MW across six states (51st meeting)", "outletId": "power-peak-digest", "date": "2026-04-16" },
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1223965026_1775822219072.pdf", "title": "EAC 51st meeting minutes, 27 Mar 2026 (Aruna Kolamb ToR, item 51.6)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-03-27" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 16.6816, "lng": 73.8819, "precision": "exact" }
    },
    {
      "id": "ghatghar-stage-2",
      "name": { "en": "Ghatghar PSP Stage II", "mr": "घाटघर PSP Stage II" },
      "developer": "Mahagenco",
      "capacityMW": 125,
      "districts": ["Thane", "Ahmednagar"],
      "talukas": ["Shahapur", "Akole"],
      "villages": ["Chondhe Bk.", "Ghatghar"],
      "loop": "brownfield",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 7.04,
      "totalLandHa": 9.78,
      "status": "tor_deferred",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-04-13",
      "nearestProtectedArea": { "name": "Kalsubai-Harishchandragad WLS", "nameMr": "कळसूबाई-हरिश्चंद्रगड अभयारण्य", "distanceKm": 0, "evidence": "documented" },
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "One 125 MW unit added to the existing Ghatghar scheme, using the Ghatghar reservoir (upper) and Chonde reservoir (lower). Needs 9.78 ha of new land, 7.04 ha of it reserved forest (the existing scheme holds 320.07 ha). EAC 52nd meeting (13 Apr 2026, item 52.1) deferred the ToR: the EAC noted the project is within Kalsubai-Harishchandragad Wildlife Sanctuary, whose ESZ notification (S.O. 1367(E), 2017) prohibits new major hydro projects, and asked Mahagenco to show it is permissible. Coords: existing Ghatghar upper reservoir (the minutes print '9°32′' once, a typo for 19°32′).", "mr": "अस्तित्वातील घाटघर योजनेला 125 MW चे एक युनिट जोडणे, घाटघर जलाशय (वरचा) आणि चोंढे जलाशय (खालचा) वापरून. 9.78 ha नवी जमीन लागते, त्यापैकी 7.04 ha राखीव वन (अस्तित्वातील योजनेकडे 320.07 ha आहे). EAC च्या 52 व्या बैठकीत (13 एप्रिल 2026, बाब 52.1) ToR पुढे ढकलले: प्रकल्प कळसूबाई-हरिश्चंद्रगड वन्यजीव अभयारण्याच्या आत असल्याचे EAC ने नोंदवले, ज्याची ESZ अधिसूचना (S.O. 1367(E), 2017) नवीन मोठ्या जलविद्युत प्रकल्पांना मनाई करते, आणि हे परवानगीयोग्य असल्याचे दाखवण्यास Mahagenco ला सांगितले. निर्देशांक: अस्तित्वातील घाटघर वरचा जलाशय (इतिवृत्तात एकदा '9°32′' छापले आहे, ते 19°32′ चे मुद्रणदोष)." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1225359238_1777007399745.pdf", "title": "EAC 52nd meeting minutes, 13 Apr 2026 (item 52.1)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-04-13" }
      ],
      "conflicts": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 19.5427, "lng": 73.6656, "precision": "exact" }
    }
,
    {
      "id": "nhpc-kalu",
      "name": { "en": "Kalu PSP", "mr": "काळू PSP" },
      "developer": "NHPC",
      "capacityMW": 1800,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Thane"],
      "talukas": [],
      "villages": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 19.3205, "lng": 73.7582, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "forestHa": 137.631,
      "totalLandHa": 377.593,
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-09-25",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC 63rd minutes (25 Sep 2026, item 63.2, proposal IA/MH/RIV/589292/2026): ToR recommended. 377.593 ha = 137.631 ha forest + 239.962 ha non-forest. Other layouts needed 203–268 ha forest; this one keeps both reservoirs outside the ESZ of Kalsubai-Harishchandragad WLS. Upper reservoir about 5 km from THDC's Malshej Ghat project, in the same Kalu river catchment.", "mr": "EAC चे 63 वे इतिवृत्त (25 सप्टेंबर 2026, बाब 63.2, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/589292/2026): ToR ची शिफारस. 377.593 ha = 137.631 ha जंगल + 239.962 ha वनेतर. इतर आराखड्यांना 203–268 ha जंगल लागत होते; या आराखड्यात दोन्ही जलाशय कळसूबाई-हरिश्चंद्रगड अभयारण्याच्या ESZ बाहेर राहतात. वरचा जलाशय THDC च्या माळशेज घाट प्रकल्पापासून सुमारे 5 km वर, काळू नदीच्याच पाणलोटात." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1244133055_1791267346460.pdf", "title": "EAC 63rd meeting minutes, 25 Sep 2026 (Kalu ToR, item 63.2)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-09-25" }
      ],
      "conflicts": []
    },
    {
      "id": "novarion-ranavadi",
      "name": { "en": "Ranavadi PSP", "mr": "रानवडी PSP" },
      "developer": "Novarion Energy Pvt Ltd",
      "capacityMW": 1200,
      "districts": ["Pune", "Raigad"],
      "talukas": [],
      "villages": [],
      "coords": { "lat": 18.1986, "lng": 73.5836, "precision": "exact" },
      "loop": "open",
      "inWesternGhats": true,
      "inDraftESA": true,
      "forestHa": 29.87,
      "totalLandHa": 195.97,
      "status": "tor_granted",
      "statusAsOf": "2026-07-15",
      "confidence": "verified",
      "notes": { "en": "EAC 58th minutes (15 Jul 2026, item 58.2, proposal IA/MH/RIV/583992/2026): ToR recommended. 195.97 ha = 29.87 ha forest + 166.10 ha non-forest; Tamhini WLS is the nearest protected area. Inside the draft Western Ghats ESA; the EAC asked for a revised layout with less forest.", "mr": "EAC चे 58 वे इतिवृत्त (15 जुलै 2026, बाब 58.2, प्रस्ताव IA/MH/RIV/583992/2026): ToR ची शिफारस. 195.97 ha = 29.87 ha जंगल + 166.10 ha वनेतर; ताम्हिणी अभयारण्य हे सर्वात जवळचे संरक्षित क्षेत्र. मसुदा पश्चिम घाट ESA च्या आत; EAC ने कमी जंगल लागणारा सुधारित आराखडा मागितला." },
      "refs": [
        { "url": "https://parivesh.nic.in/utildoc/1236788986_1785321627082.pdf", "title": "EAC 58th meeting minutes, 15 Jul 2026 (Ranavadi ToR, item 58.2)", "outletId": "moefcc-parivesh", "date": "2026-07-15" }
      ],
      "conflicts": []
    }
  ]
}